2022年考博英语-华中科技大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Years of research had educated me about how sugar, fat, and salt change the brain. I understood some of the parallels between hyper palatable foods and drugs of abuse, and about the links among sensory stimulation, cues, and memory. Id met enough people like Claudia and Maria to understand how even the thought of food could cause them to lose control.But I wasnt fully prepared for the discoveries I made about irresistibility and whoosh, the Monster Thick burger and Baked! Cheetos Flamin Hot, about indulgence and purple cows. Without necessarily understanding the underlying science, the food industry has discovered what sells.I was sitting at Chilis Grill & Bar in Chicagos OHare Airport waiting for a late-night flight. At a nearby table a couple in their early forties was deep into a meal. The woman was overweight, with about 180 pounds on her five-foot-four-inch frame. The Southwestern Eggrolls she had ordered were listed as a starter course, but the enormous platter in front of her had been heaped with food. The dish was described on the menu as smoked chicken, black beans, com, Jack cheese, red peppers, and spinach wrapped inside a crispy flour tortilla, and it was served with a creamy avocado-ranch dipping sauce. Despite its name, the dish looked more like a burrito than an egg roll, an only-in-America fusion approach.I watched as the woman attacked her food with vigor and speed. She held the egg roll in one hand, dunked it into the sauce, and brought it to her mouth while using the fork in her other hand to scoop up more sauce. Occasionally she reached over and speared some of her companions French fries. The woman ate steadily, working her way around the plate with scant pause for conversation or rest. When she finally paused, only a little lettuce was left.Had she known someone was watching her, Im sure she would have eaten differently. Had she been asked to describe what she had just eaten, she probably would have substantially underestimated her consumption. And she would probably have been surprised to learn what the ingredients in her meal really were.The woman might have been interested in how my industry source, who had called sugar, fat, and salt the three points of the compass, described her entree. Deep-frying the tortilla drives down its water content from 40 percent to about 5 percent and replaces the rest with fat. “The tortilla is really going to absorb a lot of fat,” he said. “It looks like an egg roll is supposed to look, which is crispy and brown on the outside.”The food consultant read through other ingredients on the label, keeping up a running commentary as he did. “Cooked white meat chicken, binder added, smoke flavor. People like smoky flavor its the caveman in them.”“Theres green stuff in there,” he said, noting the spinach. “That makes me feel like Im eating something healthy.”“Shredded Monterey Jack cheese. The increase in per-capita consumption of cheese is off the chart.”The hot peppers, he said, “add a little spice, but not too much to kill everything else off.” He believed the chicken had been chopped and formed much like a meat loaf, with binders added, which makes those calories easy to swallow. Ingredients that hold moisture, including autolyzed yeast extract, sodium phosphate, and soy protein concentrate, further soften the food. I noticed that salt appeared eight times on the label and that sweeteners were there five times, in the form of com-syrup solids, molasses, honey, brown sugar, and sugar.“This is highly processed?” I asked.“Absolutely, yes. All of this has been processed such that you can wolf it down fast. chopped up and made ultra palatable. Very appealing looking, very high pleasure in the food, very high caloric density. Rules out all that stuff you have to chew. ”By eliminating the need to chew, modern food processing techniques allow us to eat faster. “When youre eating these things, youve had 500, 600, 800, 900 calories before you know it,” said the consultant. “Literally before you know it.” Refined food simply melts in the mouth.36.What can be inferred from the authors description of the woman eating in paragraph four?37.According to the passage, the main reason why people overeat is that （ ）.38.The following are all ingredients in the egg rolls EXCEPT （ ）.39.Which of the following statements best describes the main idea of the passage?40.In the first sentence of Paragraph four, the word “vigor” most nearly means（ ）.问题1选项A.The woman prefers to eat at Chilis vs. other restaurants.B.The woman truly enjoys the foods that she chooses to eat.C.The womans efficiency at cleaning her plate adds to her dining experience.D.The author is disgusted by the womans consumption.问题2选项A.salt and sweeteners, like corn-syrup solids and brown sugar, are added to the foodB.we dont have to chew our food very muchC.people li