2022年考博英语-北京大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题What courses are you going to do next semester?I dont know. But its about time _ on something.问题1选项A.Id decideB.I decidedC.I decideD.Im deciding【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。It is about time that是一个虚拟语气句型，表示与现在事实相反，that从句的谓语用一般过去时。因此B选项符合题意。2. 单选题The structure of the global economy（ ）that developing nations put all their efforts into raising cash usually by exporting whatever virgin resources the industrial world might desire.问题1选项A.dictatesB.regulatesC.allowsD.appeals【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。dictate“命令；要求”；regulate“调节”；allow“允许”；appeal“呼吁；上诉”；句意：全球经济的结构发展中国家把所有的努力都投入到筹集资金上通常是通过出口工业世界可能需要的任何原始资源。与“the structure of the global economy”搭配的只能是dictate，表示“全球经济要求”因此A选项符合题意。3. 单选题For a nation of pet lovers, Britain conducts a surprising number of experiments on animals some 3 m a year. America appears to use fewer animalsjust 1.1 m a year, according to official statisticsbut that is an illusion. Unlike Britains government, Americas does not think rats and mice worth counting. Japan and China have even less comprehensive data than America, and animals used in research in those two countries are not protected to the same extent that they are in the West. Even so, academic centers supporting alternatives to animal testing have emerged in both places in recent years. In July China issued its first set of guidelines governing the use of animals in research.In an ideal world, there would be no animal testing. It is expensive and can be of dubious scientific value, since different species often react differently to the same procedure. That is why many researchers are working on ways of reducing the number of animal experiments needed and of making those that still happen more effective. However, the transition is proving easier for some types of experiment than for others, as a group of researchers in the field discussed at the sixth World Congress on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences, held last week in Tokyo.The most important message from the congress was that things are going in the right direction. The number of animals used in experiments has fallen by half in the past 30 years, at least in those countries that record such things. There has also been a shift in the sort of animal used. Most of those employed today are rodents rather than dogs, cats, rabbits and monkeys. (That public opinion generally welcomes this is, however, a good example of cutist prejudice for one species over another: there is no reason to believe that rodents suffer less than other mammals.) Also, of the experiments that are still conducted, the majority are now concerned with developing and testing medicine rather than, say, checking how toxic cosmetics are. Of the 11 m animals involved each year in experiments that have to be reported to the European Commission, about 45 % are used for medical and veterinary purposes and another 35% for basic biomedical research.1.Which of the following is an illusion?2.Many researchers are currently trying to _.3.The cutist prejudice probably refers to the fact that _.问题1选项A.Britain protects animals used in research better than Japan and China.B.China has issued guidelines governing the use of animals in research.C.Japan has less comprehensive data on animal testing than America.D.America conducts fewer experiments on animals than Britain.问题2选项A.use animals involved in research more effectivelyB.slow down the transition for some experimentsC.challenge the scientific value of animal testingD.raise the cost of using any animals in research问题3选项A.pet animals are thought to suffer more in experimentsB.rodents are believed to react in the same way with humansC.testing medicine is supposed to do more harm than testing cosmeticsD.what sort of animals to use is reckoned more crucial than whether to use them【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:A【解析】1.细节题。题干：下面哪个是“错觉”？根据“an illusion”定位到文章第一段第二句“America appears to use fewer animalsjust 1.1 m a year, according to official statisticsbut that is an illusion”，说明美国用动物做的试验似乎少一些是错觉。因此D选项符合题意。2.细节题。题干：许多研究人员目前正试图_。由题干关键词定位到文章第二段中“many researchers are working on ways of reducing the number of animal experiments needed and of making those that still happen more effective”，研究人员在采取措施减少动物使用量，并提高成效。因此A选项符合题意。3.细节题。题干：cutist prejudice可能指的是_。根据关键词定位到文章第三段，后面提到“there is no reason to believe that rodents suffer less than other mammals”没有理由认为啮齿类动物（在实验中）遭受的痛苦比其他哺乳动物要少，这表明了对于不同物种间持有的偏见。因此A选项符合题意。4. 单选题_ they think it will come to an end through the hands of God, or a natural disaster or a political event, whatever the reason, nearly 15 percent of people worldwide think the end of the world is coming, according to a new poll.问题1选项A.EitherB.WhetherC.NeitherD.If【答案】A