2022年考博英语-中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 翻译题1. China is playing an increasingly important role in helping the international community in the process of eradicating extreme poverty by 2030. Since the implementation of reform and opening up in the late 1970s, China has helped as many as 400 million people out of poverty. In the next five years, China will provide assistance to other developing countries in poverty reduction, education development, agricultural modernization, environmental, protection, health care and so on. China has made remarkable progress in poverty alleviation, and it has made unremitting efforts in promoting economic growth. This will encourage other poor countries to cope with their own development challenges. These countries can learn from Chinas experience in seeking the path of development with their own characteristics.【答案】1. 中国在帮助国际社会到2030年消除极度贫困的进程中发挥着越来越重要的作用。自上世纪70年代末实施改革开放以来，中国已帮助多达4亿人摆脱贫困。未来5年里，中国将在减贫、教育发展、农业现代化、环境保护、卫生保健等方面向其他发展中国家提供援助。中国在减贫方面取得了显著进展，在促进经济增长方面做出了不懈努力。这将鼓励其他贫困国家应对自身的发展挑战。这些国家在寻求具有自身特色的发展道路时，可以借鉴中国的经验。2. 单选题Although money is always useful, it isnt all _.问题1选项A.what there is to lifeB.to which there is to lifeC.that is in lifeD.there is to life【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. what there is to life生活有什么意义 B. to which there is to life这就是生活C. that is in life这就是生活 D. there is to life生活就是这样【考查点】定语从句。【解题思路】根据although可知，句子前半句为让步状语从句，所以后半句为主句，it是主语，isnt是系动词，all是表语，所以空格部分应为定语从句修饰all，结合选项可知，there is可以看作在定语从句中充当了谓语，to life是从句中的状语，那么用作主语的关系代词that可以省略，句子可以还原为Although money is always useful, it isnt all (that) there is to life，所以该题选择D项正确。【干扰项排除】A项what只能引导名词性从句；B项to which使用不当；C项不符合句意。【句意】虽然钱总是有用的，但它并不是生活的全部。3. 单选题_ when she started to complaining.问题1选项A.Not until he arrivedB.No sooner had he arrivedC.Scarcely did he arriveD.Hardly had he arrived【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. Not until he arrived直到他到达 B. No sooner had he arrived他一到达C. Scarcely did he arrive 他一到达 D. Hardly had he arrived他一到达【考查点】倒装句。【解题思路】根据句子中的when可知，scarcely/hardlywhen为倒装结构，表示“一就”，句子要部分倒装；根据started可知，事情发生在过去，她开始抱怨是在他到达之后，所以空格处要用过去完成时，所以该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】A项不与when搭配；B项一般与than搭配。【句意】他刚到，她就开始抱怨起来。4. 单选题_ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.问题1选项A.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.It【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. That那个 B. Which哪个C. As作为 D. It它【考查点】非限制性定语从句。【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，主句结构完整，所以前半句为非限制性定语从句，修饰后面整个主句，空格处要填入一个引导词，而as引导非限制性定语从句可以放在句首也可以放在句尾，所以该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A、D项不引导非限制性定语从句；B项引导非限制性定语从句不放在句首。【句意】众所周知，马克吐温是伟大的美国作家。5. 填空题Directions: In this section, there is a passage with five questions. After you have read the passage, answer each question in English. Write down your answer on ANSWER SHEET.A language is a system of sounds, gestures, or characters used by humans to communicate their ideas and feelings. There are about 4,000 spoken languages in the world. Some are spoken by millions of people. Other languages have only a few speakers.All languages have rules for forming words and for ordering those words in sentences. In written languages, meaning is expressed through a system of characters and rules for combining those characters. In spoken languages, meaning is expressed through a system of sounds and rules for combining those sounds. Many deaf people use sign languages, in which gestures do the work of the sound system of spoken languages.Word order is more important in English than it is in some other languages, such as Russian. The sound system is very important in Chinese and in many languages spoken in West Africa.Languages are always changing, but they change very slowly. People invent new words for their language, borrow words from other languages, and change the meanings of words as needed. For example, the English word byte was invented by computer specialists in 1959. The English word tomato was borrowed from Nahuat, an American Indian language spoken in Mexico. The English word meat once referred to food in general.There are several major language families in the world. The languages in each family are related, and scientists think they came from the same parent family. Language families come in different sizes. The Austronesian family contains at least 500 languages, including Pilipino, Malay, and Maori. The Basque language, spoken in northern Spain, is the only member of its language family.The Indo-European language family contains 55 languages, including English, German, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi. Another language family is Sino-Tibetan, which includes Chinese, Burmese, and Tibetan. The Afro-Asiatic family includes Arabic, Hebrew, and Amharic. There are about 150 American Indian languages spoken today. These languages have many differences and have been divided into more than 50 language families.People learn languages by listening, copying what they hear, and using the language. Most ch