2022年考博英语-西安交通大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Death comes quickly in the mountains. Each winter holiday makers are caught unawares as they happily ski away from the fixed runs, little realizing that a small avalanche can send them crashing in a bone-breaking fall down the slope and leave them buried under tons of crisp white snow. There are lots of theories about how to avoid disaster when hit by an avalanche. Practice is normally less cheerful.The snow in the Salzburg of Austria where a recent disaster took place was typical avalanche material. For several days before the incident I had skied locally. Early winter snow was wearing thin and covered with ice. On top of that new, warmer flakes were gently falling to produce a dangerous carpet. To the skier who enjoys unmarked slopes it is tempting stuff, deep new power snow on a hard basethe skiing that dreams are made of and sometimes nightmares.Snow falls in sections like a cake. Different sections have different densities because of the temperatures at the time of the fall and in the weeks afterwards. Problems come when any particular section is too thick and not sticking to the section beneath. The snow of the past few weeks had been falling in rather higher temperatures than those of December and early January. The result of these conditions is that even a slight increase in the temperatures sends a thin stream of water between the new snow and the old. Then the new snow simply slides off the mountain.Such slides are not unexpected. Local citizens know the slopes which tend to avalanche and the weather in which such slides are likely. Traps are set to catch the snow or prevent it slipping; bombs are placed and exploded from time to time to set off small avalanches before a big one has time to build up; and above all, skiers are warned not to ski in danger areas.In spite of this, avalanches happen in unexpected areas and, of course, skiers ignore the warnings. The one comfort to recreational skiers, however, is that avalanche incidents on the marked ski slopes are quite rare. No ski resort wants the image of being a death trap.1.Each winter holiday makers in the mountains come face to face with death because （ ） .2.According to the writer, skiing conditions in the Salzburg area of Austria before the accident happened were（ ） .3.In areas where avalanches are known to happen（ ） .4.Although accidents do happen, skiers will be reasonably safe if （ ） .问题1选项A.they fail to realize how dangerous avalanches can beB.they are not expert enough at skiing on the fixed runs.C.they are trying to avoid areas where avalanches happenD.they ski great distances down the mountainsides问题2选项A.perfect for, the inexperienced skierB.unsafe because the new snow was covered with iceC.typical of conditions resulting in avalanchesD.suitable only for skiing locally问题3选项A.local residents stay indoors when the weather is bad.B.measures are taken to prevent serious avalanchesC.small avalanches can easily be preventedD.skiers form themselves into a wall to keep the snow in position问题4选项A.they stay on the officially approved slopesB.they ski only for pleasureC.they ski only at resortsD.they choose less crowded ski slope.【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:B第4题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段的二三句可知，每年的冬季假期，人们都在不知不觉中快乐地滑雪，远离了固定的滑雪道。他们几乎没有意识到，小小的雪崩会让他们从山坡上摔下来，摔断骨头，被埋在数吨洁白的雪里。由此可知，选项A符合原文。2.细节事实题。根据第二段的第一句“The snow in the Salzburg of Austria where a recent disaster took place was typical avalanche material.”最近发生灾难的奥地利萨尔茨堡的雪是典型的雪崩性质。选项C与原文一致，所以正确。3.细节事实题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，当地居民知道容易发生雪崩的斜坡和可能发生雪崩的天气，人们通过设置陷阱和引爆炸弹的方法来防止雪崩；最重要的是警告滑雪者不要在危险区域滑雪。由此可知，选项B正确。4.细节事实题。根据最后一段的第二句“The one comfort to recreational skiers, however, is that avalanche incidents on the marked ski slopes are quite rare.”然而，让休闲滑雪者感到安慰的是，在指定的滑雪场发生雪崩的事件相当罕见。选项A符合原文。2. 单选题（ ） you are familiar with the authors ideas, try reading all the sections as quickly as you can.问题1选项A.Now thatB.So thatC.Ever sinceD.As long as【答案】A【解析】now that既然, 由于, 引导原因从句；so that以便, 所以；ever since自从., 引导时间状语从句；as long as只要, 如果, 引导条件状语从句。句意：既然你熟悉作者的观点, 试着尽快读完所有的章节。选项A符合句意。3. 单选题For untold centuries man depended almost entirely on his hunting ability to obtain food. From sunrise to sundown, armed with clubs and spears, and aided by trained wild dogs, he searched for game his foremost source of food with his primitive weapons, the largest and swiftest animals often eluded him, and the hunter and his family frequently went for days without meat.While the men were hunting game, the women and children searched for edible vegetation. From nearby plants and trees they gathered berries, nuts, grain, and roots. These meager staples stayed the pain of hunger when the hunters returned empty handed. When the supplies of game and plants in an area were exhausted, the entire tribe was forced to move on