英文谚语的文化场景在中译文中的缺失与弥合Cultural Default and Translation Compensation in English to Chinese Translation of English ProverbAbstractThis paper analyzes the cultures in proverb to find the cultural differences between English and Chinese proverbs, and tries to study the way to bridge the cultural default. So, English proverb can be translated with the way of transliberation. And intercultural communication will be achieved successfully and intercultural cooperation and spread will be realized. Key WordsProverb culture; cultural default; transliberation; translation compensation 摘要本文从谚语文化角度着手，分析谚语中的文化因素，以及英汉谚语中的文化差异，尝试研究在谚语的英汉翻译过程中发生文化缺失时如何弥合。最终通过意译手段实现英语谚语的可译性，从而顺利完成跨文化交际活动，实现国际间的文化交流与传播。 关键词谚语文化; 文化缺失; 意译; 翻译补偿 Introduction There are several standards about translation criteria in and abroad. Yan Fu advocated the three words as translation criteria, namely, “faithfulness, smoothness and elegance”. Fraser advocated “Rather be alike in spirit than in appearance”. Zhang Peiji advocated “faithfulness and smoothness”. Eugene A. Nada advocated “functional equivalence” or “dynamic equivalence”. Those standards influence each other and improve gradually. Although they focus on differently, they have a common aim that translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work; the style and the manner of writing should be of the same character as that of the original, and translation should look as all the ease of original composition. In todays society, translation is not only the generative speech semiotics, but also a behavior in intercultural communication. People use “intercultural communication”, “intercultural cooperation”, “acculturation” and “transculturation” to replace “translation”. The cultural difference of English and Chinese, proverb may has the same literal meaning and figurative meaning, but different implied meaning. And implied meaning is the real meaning which the speaker or writer wants to express. The differences between English and Chinese proverbs can be converged into two categories: figurative meaning and implied meaning. And they are different literally, that is to say, they are the specific reflection of cultural differences.Different country has different condition, history, religious belief and custom and so on. The English proverb and Chinese proverb express different national culture feature and culture information. Proverbs bear age, and he who would do well may review himself in them as in a looking glass.Proverb is defined as a complete set sentence, which can be used as not only component in sentence but also a complete sentence to illustrate a complete meaning. Proverb is also the popular sayings that brighter so much Latin American talk, the boiled-down wisdom that people are as apt to hear from professors as from peasants, from beggars as from elegances. Proverb is brief and colorful; they more often than not teach you. With those features, to translator, the translation of proverb is usually the most difficult thing. Even if they are mastery of English, they translate proverbs not well by translation tools. The reason is that the cultural background of English proverb is usually missed in the target language. That is called cultural default. Therefore, when people translate English proverb, they should analyze and compare the cultural differences which are contained in different national proverbs. Then, it needs culture translation. To find a method to compensate cultural default, only in this way, the quality of the target language can be guaranteed. .The Brief Introduction to ProverbGenerally speaking, proverb is from factual living experience of people. Most are from folk, which are called popular proverb and others come from document, religious, literally quotation. Proverb consists of a lot of history story or literary quotation. In China, there are many proverbs in Confucian classics, legend and so on. Those proverbs are simple but far- reached, brief but colorful. Such as, “他山之石，可以攻玉”. Stones from other hills are good for working jade, in the book of Book of Songs. In Analects, the master said, is it not pleasant to learn with a constant perseverance and application? Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? English proverb comes from Bible and old Greek and Rome and western classics etc. For example, we are all Adams children. “我们都是亚当的子孙”.Bible Far from Jupiter, far from thunder. “离朱比特越远，离雷神越远”. Old Greek and Roman Without Ceres and Bacchus, Venus grows cold. “没有克瑞斯河巴库斯，维纳斯就会感到冷”.（王佐良,37） In this proverb, Ceres is food goodness, and Bacchus is an alcohol god, and Venus is known as a goodness of love. Literal meaning of this proverb is that Venus will feel alone without Ceres and Bacchus. But it implies that if there have no clothes and food, there has no love. In the works of Shakespeare, proverbs spread here and there. For example, all the world is a stage. “世界就是一台戏”. H