2022年考博英语-北京科技大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题The uniform system of time-keeping in the United States was not established until the late nineteenth century.问题1选项A.personalB.efficientC.consistentD.practical【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。uniform表示“统一的，一致的”；A项personal“个人的”，B项efficient“有效的”，C项consistent“始终如一的，一致的”，D项practical“实际的”。句意：直到19世纪后期，美国才建立统一的计时制度。根据句意可知，该题选择C项正确。2. 单选题A high official is likely to win respect and trust if he can stick to his principles.问题1选项A.turn toB.add toC.keep toD.lead to【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。Stick to表示“坚持”；A项turn to“转向，变成”，B项add to“加入，加到”，C项keep to“坚持，遵守”，D项lead to“导致”。句意：一个高级官员如果能坚持自己的原则，就很可能赢得尊重和信任。根据句意可知C项正确。3. 单选题If you become reconciled to your lot, you will never get a new start in life.问题1选项A.submissiveB.resistantC.tolerableD.committed【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。reconcile表示“和解，调节”；A项submissive“顺从的，服从的”，B项resistant“抵抗的，反抗的”，C项tolerable“可以容忍的”，D项committed“坚定的，忠诚的”。句意：如果你甘心于自己的命运，你将永远无法重新开始生活。根据句意可知A项正确。4. 单选题The day is past when the country can afford to give high school diploma to all who（ ）six years of instruction.问题1选项A.set aboutB.run forC.sit throughD.make for【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。A项set about“着手，开始做”，B项run for“竞选，匆匆去取”，C项sit through“一直挺到结束，耐着性子看完”，D项make for“导致，有助于”。前文提到“国家为所有人提供高中文凭的日子已经过去了”，根据后文的six years of instruction（6年教育）可推测空格处表示“一直读完六年结束”。句意：国家能够负担得起给所有接受了6年教育的人颁发高中文凭的日子已经过去了。因此，该题C项正确。5. 单选题Material culture refers to the touchable, material “things”physical objects that can be seen, held, felt, usedthat a culture produces. Examining a cultures tools and technology can tell us about the groups history and ways of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music-culture. The most vivid body of “things” in it, of course, is musical instrument. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph (留声机) was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictured in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments on the symphony orchestra.Sheet music or printed music, too is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music- cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain, and America, printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different song. Besides, the ability to read music notation (乐谱) has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as whole.One more important part for musics material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic mediaradio, record player, tape recorder, television, and videocassette, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the “information revolution,” a twentieth-century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution was in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations, they have affected music-cultures all over the globe.1. Research into the material culture of a nation is of great importance because（ ）.2. It can be learned from this passage that（ ）.3. According to the author, music notation is important because（ ）.4. It can be concluded from the passage that the introduction of electronic media into the world of music（ ）.5. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?问题1选项A.it helps produce new cultural tools and technologytB.it can reflect the development of the nationtC.it helps understand the nations past and presenttD.it can demonstrate the nations civilizationt问题2选项A.the existence of the symphony was attributed to the spread of Near Eastern and Chinese music.tB.Near Eastern music had an influence on the development of the instruments in the symphony orchestratC.the development of the symphony shows the mutual influence of Eastern and Western musictD.the musical instruments in the symphony orchestra were developed on the basis of Near Eastern musict问题3选项A.it has a great effect on the music-culture as more and more people are able to read ittB.it tends to standardize folk songs when it is used by folk musicianstC.it is the printed version of standardized folk musictD.it encourages people to popularize print