Science versus nature李仕才一、阅读理解。Many of us have desires that might seem to be beyond our abilities，but looking to those who overcame similar difficulties can be a great source of inspiration for anyone trying to live their best life.Here are some quotes(引语) from people who chased their dreams and turned them into amazing realities.Este Lauder“I didnt get there by wishing for it or hoping for it，but by working for it.”Este Lauder，Founder of Este Lauder Fun fact：Lauder started out by helping her chemist uncle sell face creams and perfumes and turned millionaire.Oprah Winfrey“You know you are on the road to success if you would do your job and not be paid for it.”Oprah Winfrey，TV Mogul and Host Fun fact：There was a time when Winfrey couldnt afford soup.Now，she is a philanthropist(慈善家)and one of the most inspiring persons of her generation.Madam CJ.Walker“Dont sit down and wait for the opportunities to come.Get up and make them.” Madam CJ.Walker，Civil Rights Activist and InventorFun fact：Walker was known as the first black female millionaire after she launched her haircare line in 1905.In fact，she was the first American woman of any race to be a selfmade millionaire.Sara Blakely“Embrace what you dont know，especially in the beginning，because what you dont know can become your greatest asset(财富)” Sara Blakely，Spanx FounderFun fact：Blakely earned a Forbes cover in 2012 for being the youngest female selfmade billionaire.1Which of the following people is not a business person?AEste Lauder. BOprah Winfrey.CSara Blakely. DMadam CJ.Walker.2What can we learn from the quotes of Este Lauder and Madam CJ.Walker?AWell begun is half done.BRome was not built in one day.CAction speaks louder than words.DWhere there is a will，there is a way.3What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?AThey received advanced education.BThey are truly creative and peaceloving.CThey turned nothing into something huge.DThey achieved great success in their fields.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。每个人都有超越自身能力的对成功的欲望，如何克服困难实现梦想呢？文章用四个成功人士对成功的见解和他们成功的经历给出了答案。1B推理判断题。Este Lauder靠卖面霜和香水成了百万富翁；Oprah Winfrey是个大慈善家；Madam CJ.Walker是美国第一位白手起家的黑人女百万富翁；Sara Blakely 2012年荣登福布斯榜，是最年轻的白手起家的女亿万富翁。从对每一位的叙述及“Oprah Winfrey，TV Mogul and Host”可知，Oprah Winfrey不是一位商人。故选B。2C推理判断题。根据Este Lauder的话中的“by working for it”和Madam CJ.Walker的话中的“Get up and make them.”可知，两个人的话都表达了“行胜于言”。故选C。3D推理判断题。文中提到的四个女性都是在各自领域中获得伟大成功的典型。故选D。A、B两项文中没有提及；C项“把一无所有变成伟大”夸大事实。亮点句积累：I didnt get there by wishing for it or hoping for it, but by working for it.(Este Lauder部分第一段)译文：我不靠许愿或憧憬，而靠奋斗来获取成功。二、单项选择。1.Ive had a bad cough recently.Me too. Ive never experienced _ of air pollution in cities before.A. an acute problem B. a more acute problemC. a most acute problem D. the most acute problem【答案】B【解析】考查形容词比较级表示最高级概念的用法。句意：在城市中，以前我从来没经历过(比这)更严重的空气污染问题。从 never , before 可以看出原来从来没有比这更严重的，本句中用形容词比较级表达的是最高级的概念，一个的问题，用 a。2.Recently, a video _ “tiger attack in the zoo” became widespread on the Internet and aroused a heated discussion about who was actually responsible.A. being titled B. titled C. titling D. have titled【答案】B【解析】titled=which was titled。句意：最近，一段标题为“动物园里老虎的攻击”的视频在因特网上迅速传播开来，并引起了一场关于实际上由谁来承担责任的热烈讨论。3.The pupils in our school like reading after lunch, most of _ seated on the grass unless it rains.A. them B. whom C. that D. who【答案】A【解析】本题看似在考查代词、关系代词的用法，实际上最主要的还是与非谓语动词有密切关系。根据题干可知， 句中的seated 为过去分词， 因此选 A项， 构成独立主格结构“most of them seated on the grass unless it rains”。句意：我校学生喜欢午饭后读书，除非下雨，他们中大多数人就坐在草坪上读书。4.Can you tell me what it means by “You can check out any time you like but you can never leave” from the song Hotel California?It implies that drug users find themselves _ in a prison from which they cannot escape.A. to be trapped B. having trapped C. trapped D. trapping【答案】C【解析】句意：吸毒者发现他们被困于监狱中而不能逃跑。trap 与 themselves 是动宾关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选 C。find 后面作补足语的不定式不带 to；B、D 两项为主动意义。5. _ to the gift was a note on which he expressed his appreciation for our reception during his stay here.A. Being attached B. Attached C. Attaching D. Having attached【答案】B【解析】我们可以将 Attached to the gift was a note 理解成 A note was attached to the gift 句意：附在礼物上的是一张便条，便条上说对在他在这里逗留期间我们给他的接待表示感谢。6.Trump Tower, _ as the headquarters for The Trump Organization, is a 58story skyscraper _ inMidtown Manhattan.A. serving, located B. served, located C. served, locating D. serving, locating【答案】A【解析】Trump Tower 与 serve 是主谓关系，因此用现在分词，由此可以排除 B、C 两项；表示“位于某地点”，用固定短语“be located in.”，因此第二空用过去分词。句意：川普大楼作为川普集团的总部，是一座坐落在曼哈顿的一栋 58 层的摩天大楼。7.The type and quantity of illegal drugs a person is carrying when _ by the police determine thepunishment, _ from a small fine to life imprisonment.A. caught; ranging B. caught; ranged C. catching; ranging D. catching; ranged【答案】A【解析】 catch 与 person 之间是动宾关系， 因此要用过去分词， 排除 C