阅读理解突破(一)主旨大意题1主旨大意题的设题方式(1)What is the passage mainly about?(2)What is the main problem being discussed in the passage?(3)What is the main idea of this passage?(4)The passage is mainly about_.(5)Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?(6)The main idea of the passage is_.(7)Which of the following statements best summarizes the authors main point?(8)This paragraph centers/focuses on_.(9)This passage is chiefly concerned with_.(10)The authors purpose in writing this passage is_.(11)What is the best title for the passage?2解题策略如何寻找主题句(1)读首句抓大意。说明文、议论文等文章的主题句多放在文章开头,抓住了主题句就抓住了文章的中心,因此要寻找这类文章的主旨大意就需要研究文章的首句。(2)读尾句抓大意。有时文章的主题句安排在文章的结尾,作为全篇的总结。(3)读首尾抓大意。有些文章或段落的开头和结尾部分都有主题句,这种结构是为了突出主题思想而使用的两次点题的写作方法。通常前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复,后面点题是进一步的总结,是引申,是发展。(4)从段落中抓大意。有些文章或段落的主题句居中,这种文章或段落往往以一句或几句话引出要表达的主题,在主题句出现以后,再举例子陈述细节或继续论证。(5)归纳分析抓大意。有些文章或段落无明显的主题句,但字里行间无不体现主题。这就要求考生在阅读过程中根据文中所叙述的事实或提供的线索来概括总结主旨大意。1A couple of years ago,before a trip to China,Nicole Davis and her US womens volleyball teammates were warned about the prominence (显著、突出) of coach “Jenny” Lang Ping in her native country.“I was pushed over by Chinese journalists while I was just trying to put my luggage on the bus,”said Davis.Known as the “Iron Hammer” for her punishing spikes(扣球),Lang made it possible for China to dominate in the sport in the early 1980s.She was a key player on Chinas 1984 Olympic gold medal winning team.When the US team arrived for the Olympics,Lang,48,who is from Beijing,had to take a different route to avoid a crowd of reporters and fans.Then came the greatest moment to Lang：While the US team was playing in a packed gym,at least 8,000 Chinese fans unfurled an American flag.“That really says it all,” Davis said.“They look at her as an icon(偶像)Im sure its hard for them to see her coaching another country,but they love her so dearly that her success is their success.”The loyalty of the Chinese fans was tested on Friday,when China lost a match to the US.“Its a pity that China lost the match,but Im still glad that Lang Pings team won,since she is the pride of Chinas volleyball,” said Liu Chengli,a spectator.“We also cheered for Langs victory.”Lang said she just tried to stay professional when the two teams meet.“It doesnt matter if we play China or any other team.Its the same.” Lang said.Davis said she and her teammates could not have imagined the passion for volleyball among Chinese because the sport was lack of popularity in the US. The reception from Chinese fans has touched the US players,said US volleyball player Lindsey Berg.“Its such an honor to be here and play for our coach here in China,”she said.“The amount of support that the Chinese give to her and us has been tremendous.The whole event has been unbelievable.”1Whats the passage mainly about?AStaying professional.BCheering for the Iron Hammer.CA match between China and the US.DLang Pings career as a coach.答案B解析本篇文章无明显的主题句,但字里行间都在讲述我国著名排球运动员,现美国女排主教练郎平带队到中国参加奥运会并受到了人们的热烈欢迎,故应选B；而D项意为“郎平的教练生涯”,显然不合题意。但多数学生误选此项,是由于只注意到了局部信息,犯了以偏赅全的错误,而没有真正理解文章主旨。2Lang Ping avoided meeting the reporters and fans probably because she _.Awas afraid to be questioned about her strategyBdidnt want to be paid much attention toCdisliked to be with her fansDdidnt want to disturb public order答案B解析推理判断题。从文章第四段的内容可以推断出朗平希望不要太被关注。3What does the underlined word “unfurled” exactly mean?Adestroyed completelyBtore into piecesCspread out to the windDrolled up答案C解析词义猜测题。由文章第五段和第六段可以知道,这里的中国球迷应该是“打开、展开”了一面美国国旗,所以选C项。4What does Lang Ping mean by saying “It doesnt matter if we play China or any other team.”？AAmerican Volleyball Team will beat any team.BChinese Volleyball Team is the same as other teams.CShe just tried to stay professional.DThe results of each match will be the same.答案C解析推理判断题。从文章内容可以知道,朗平认为不论是对阵中国队还是其他队,对她来说,这仅仅是一场比赛而已。由此推断选C项。5What impressed the US team players most?AThe tolerance of Chinese people.BThe popularity of volleyball in China.CLang Pings coaching skills.DThe loyalty for volleyball of the Chinese.答案B解析细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段的内容可以知道,排球在中国非常受欢迎,所以选B项。2(2009北京,E)Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and,at its best,it makes little environmental influence.But with increasing numbers of people wanting to escape into the wilderness,it is becoming more and more important to camp unobtrusively(不引人注目地) and leave no mark.Wild camping is not permitted in many places,particularly in crowded lowland Britain.Wherever you are,find out about organizations responsible for managing wild spaces,and contact them to find out their policy on camping and shelter building.For example,it is fine to camp wild in remote parts of Scotland,but in England you must ask the landowners permission,except in national parks.Camping is about