2012届高考英语顶尖学案：大纲版Unit 16 The United States ofAmerica 美利坚合众国核心词汇1 She（ 牺牲 ）her life to save her child from the fire.2 My（贪吃的 ）brother has eaten all the sweets.3 （ 最后 ） ， he came through with his promise to help as best as he could.4 . His（ 以前的 ）classmate was an advisor to the peace delegation.5 After the earthquake, the（ 重建 ）of the city took them a whole year.6 He was thrown into（ 失业 ）when the factory closed.7 You had to（ 克服 ）difficulties of all kinds while studying abroad.8 The sight of people suffering arouses a deep sense of（ 不公平 ）in Mary.fast food hamburger9 Burger King is widely regarded as the quality restaurant（ 连锁 ） 10 用suffer 的适当形式填空：（1）His health terribly from heavy drinking.1.sacrificed2.greedy3.Eventually6.unemployment7.overcome 8.injustice/unfairners（2）suffering高频短语1 冒险；碰运气2 坚持 （ 做 ）3 结果4 转而；反过来；轮流5 收拾起来6 为表示对尊敬；纪念7 徒劳；白辛苦8 不打扰；不理会9 出版；生产；扑灭；关掉10 出售；减价（2）Death finally brought an end to her4.former 5.reconstruction9.chain 10.（1）suffered用心 爱心 专心#1.take a chance 2.insist onof 7.in vain 8.leave alone重点句式1 The citybetween3.as a result 4.in turn 5.gather up 6.in honour9.put out 10.on saleblacks and whites in the 1960s and Dr King was shot and killed in 1968.这座城市见证了20 世纪60 年代黑人和白人之间的一系列残酷斗争，金博士于 1968 年被枪杀。2 early settlershad killed bison for food ， now the killing becamemore widespread.虽然早期的移民者屠杀野牛以供食用，而现在对野牛的屠杀变得更为泛滥。3 Between 1850 and 1910 the bison populationfrom 60 million to just a few hundred.人们认为，在1850 年到 1910 年之间，野牛的头数从6000 万头下降到只有几百头了。4 Bison waste no longer fell on the ground to improve the soil， as aresult becamefor growing plants.地上不再有野牛的粪便来改良土壤，结果植物生长的土壤变得不够肥沃了。1.saw a series of fierce fights2.While 3.in thought to have fallen4.which ；less good知识详解1.insist vi. 坚持；坚持主张；坚决认为【教材原句】 (P46)He insists on us showing him respect.他坚持让我们对他表示尊重。(1) 坚持，坚持主张insist on/upon(doing) sth. 坚持 ( 做) 某事insist that-clause 坚持认为，坚决要求 ( 牛津 P1056)They insist on playing their music late at night.他们执意地演奏他们的音乐直到深夜。 The young men insisted that they (should) be sent to the front.那些年轻人坚持要求被派往前线去。(2) 坚持认为 She insisted that he was wrong.她坚持认为他错了。【温馨提示】 (1) 当 insist 作“坚持认为，强调 ( 某种事实、看法) ”讲时，宾语从句用陈述语气；(2) 当 insist 作“坚决要求， 主张” 讲时， 宾语从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气， 即用 “ (should) 动词原形”形式。 The doctor insisted that he (should)stay in bed for another five days.大夫坚决主张他在床上再待五天。1 The old worker insisted that heold ， and that heback to the workingpost again.A wasn t ； be sentB wasn t ； was sentC be not ； sendD isn t ； sent解析： 选A。 句意为： “那位老工人坚持认为自己不老， 要求回到工作岗位上去” 。 第一个 that分句中不用虚拟语气，第二个that 分句中要用虚拟语气。即境活用2 .The man insisteda taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.A findB to findC on findingD in finding解析： 选C。 本题考查动词用法。 insist 常接从句或介词 on doing ， 不接不定式或in doing结构。 ( 牛津 P1757)Her parents made sacrifices so that she could have a goodeducation.为了让她受良好的教育，她的父母作了很多牺牲。 He achieved his success at the sacrifice of his own health.他以牺牲自己的健康为代价取得成功。(2)vt.牺牲；奉献；把作祭品 It s not worth sacrificing your health for your career.为事业而牺牲你的健康不值得。 The young man sacrificed his life to save the child from the fire.这个年轻人为了救火中的孩子牺牲了自己的生命。3. As parents , they think it normal to make for their children , especiallyin China.A. sacrificeB . sacrificesC. the sacrificeD. the sacrifices解析：选Bo make sacrifices for是固定词组，意为为作出牺牲“。即境活用3 .vain adj.徒然的；无益的；虚荣的；空虚的；自负的【教材原句】（P44）Dr King s efforts were not in vain , however.然而，金博士的努力没有白费。in vain白费力气；徒劳无益a vain attempt/hope/effort徒劳的尝试/希望/努力（牛津 P2229）She closed her eyes tightly in a vain attempt to hold back the tears. 她紧闭双眼，却无法忍住眼泪。（2）（牛津 P2229）All our efforts were in vain.我们的所有努力都付诸东流了。 She made a vain attempt to stop him.她试图阻止他，但是徒然。4 .（2009 年高考?胡d匕卷）His efforts to raise moneyfor his program were because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.A. in placeB . in sightC. in effectD. in vain即境活用解析：选Do句意：他为他的项目筹集资金的努力付诸东流了，因为没有一个人愿意从腰包里掏出一分钱。in place在适当的位置，准备就绪；in sight在视线内可以看见；in effect 生效，起作用；in vain 徒劳。又如： They tried in vain to persuade her to go.他们极力劝她去，但枉费了一番口舌。All our efforts were in vain.我们所有的努力全都是枉费心机。5.It was snowing ; the little match selling girl sat down in the street corner,drawing her feet close under her , but, she could not warm them.A. in useB. in vainC. in effectD. in fact解析：选 Bo in vain徒劳无益；in use 在使用；in effect 在实施中，生效；in fact 事实上。CD（牛津 P2029）Foreign governments supplied the rebels with arms.一些外国政府向反叛者提供武器。It is the sun that supplies all the living things on the earth with light and heat. 太阳为地球上所有的生物提供光和热。（2）n.供给物；供应品（pl.）（3）（朗文 P2071）Emergency supplies are being sent to the flooded region.急需的日用品正被运往遭受洪涝灾害的地区。 The bear has stored supplies