2022年考博英语-广西大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题He made up his mind to lost his weight by sticking to a diet no matter how the food（ ） him.问题1选项A.attractedB.appealedC.inducedD.tempted【答案】D【解析】句意:无论食物多么引诱他，他都已经下定决心通过节食减肥。考查动词辨析。attract吸引（人）；appeal上诉，通常后面接appeal to sb.; induce 引起；tempt 引诱（人），馋（人）。因此D符合句意。2. 单选题High grades are supposed to（ ）academic ability, but Johns actual performance did not confirm this.问题1选项A.certifyB.clarifyC.classifyD.notify【答案】A【解析】句意:高分应该是学术能力的证明，但John的实际表现并没证实这一点。考查动词辨析。certify证明，证实；clarify说明，阐明：classify 把分类，把分级；notify 通告，宣告。因此A项符合句意。3. 单选题A controversy erupted in the scientific community in early 1998 over the use of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) fingerprinting in Criminal investigations. DNA fingerprinting was introduced in 1987 as a method to identify individuals based on a pattern seen in their DNA, the molecule of which genes are made. DNA is present in every cell of the body except red blood cells. DNA fingerprinting has been used successfully in various ways, such as to determine paternity（父亲的身份）where it is not clear who the father of a particular child is. However, it is in the area of criminal investigations that DNA fingerprinting has potentially powerful and controversial uses.DNA fingerprinting and other DNA analysis techniques have revolutionized criminal investigations by giving investigators powerful new tools in the attempt to prove guilt, not just establish innocence. When used in criminal investigations, a DNA fingerprint pattern from a suspect is compared with a DNA fingerprint pattern obtained from such material as hairs or blood found at the scene of a crime. A match between the two DNA samples can be used as evidence to convict a suspect.The controversy in 1998 stemmed from a report published in December 1991 by population geneticists Richard C. Lewontin of Harvard University in Cambridge, Mass, and Daniel L. Hartl of Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Mo. Lewontin and Hartl called into question the methods to calculate how likely it is that a match between two DNA fingerprints might occur by chance alone. In particular, they argued that the current method can not properly determine the likelihood that two DNA samples will match because they came from the same individual rather than simply from two different individuals who are members of the same ethnic group. Lewontin and Hartl called for better surveys of DNA patterns.In response to their criticisms, population geneticists Ranajit Chakraborty of the University of Texas in Dallas and Kenneth K. Kidd of Yale University in New Haven, Conn., argued that enough data are already available to show that the methods currently being used are adequate. In January 1998, however, the Federal Bureau of investigation and laboratories that conduct DNA tests announced that they would collect additional DNA samples from various ethnic groups in an attempt to resolve some of these questions. And, in April, the National Academy of Sciences called for strict standards and system of accreditation（鉴定合格）for DNA testing laboratories.1. Before DNA fingerprinting is used, suspects（ ）.2. DNA fingerprinting can be unreliable when（ ）.3. To geneticists like Lewontin and Hartl, the current method（ ）.4. The attitude of the Federal Bureau of Investigation shows that（ ）.5. National Academy of Sciences holds the stand that（ ）.问题1选项A.would have to leave their fingerprints for further investigationsB.would have to submit evidence for their innocenceC.could easily escape conviction of guiltD.could be convicted of guilt as well问题2选项A.the methods used for blood- cell calculation are not accurateB.two different individuals of the same ethnic group may have the same DNA fingerprinting patternC.a match is by chance left with fingerprints that happen to belong to two different individualsD.two different individuals leave two DNA samples.问题3选项A.is not so convincing as to exclude the likelihood that two DNA samples can never come from two individualsB.is arguable because two individuals of the same ethnic group are likely to have the same DNA patternC.is not based on adequate scientific theory of geneticsD.is theoretically contradictory to what they have been studying问题4选项A.enough data are yet to be collected from various ethnic groups to confirm the unlikelihood of two DNA samples coming from two individual membersB.enough data of DNA samples should he collected to confirm that only DNA samples from the same person can matchC.enough data are yet to be collected from various ethnic groups to determine the likelihood of two different DNA samples coming from the same personD.additional samples from various ethnic groups should be collected Io determine that two DNA sample are unlikely to come from the same person问题5选项A