2022年考博英语-四川农业大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Columbus was _ his times in his belief that the Earth was round.问题1选项A.in front ofB.in advance ofC.beforeD.ahead of【答案】D【解析】考查近义词辨析。A选项in front of“在前面”，指在某地方之外的前面；B选项in advance of“预先”，表示预先、提前做某事；C选项before“在之前”，指空间位置或时间的之前；D选项ahead of“领先”，表示领先于某物。句意：哥伦布认为地球是圆的，这走在了他那个时代的前面。本句表示领先于时代。因此D选项正确。2. 翻译题I came across an old country guide the other day. It listed all the tradesmen in each village in my part of the country, and it was impressive to see the great variety of services which were available on ones own doorstep in the late Victorian countryside.Nowadays a superficial traveler in rural England might conclude that the only village tradesmen still flourishing were either selling frozen food to the inhabitants or selling antiques to visitors. Nevertheless, this would really be a false impression. Admittedly there has been a contraction (收缩) of village commerce, but its vigor is still remarkable.Our local grocers shop, for example, is actually expanding in spite of the competition from supermarkets in the nearest town. Women sensibly prefer to go there and exchange the local news while doing their shopping, instead of queuing (排队) up at a supermarket. And the proprietor (店主) knows well that personal service has a substantial cash value.【答案】有一天，我看到了一本旧的乡村指南。它列出了我所在地区每个村庄的所有商人，看到在维多利亚时代晚期的乡村，人们在自己的家门口就能得到各种各样的服务，令人印象深刻。如今，一个肤浅的英国农村旅行者可能会得出结论，唯一仍然繁荣的乡村商人要么是向居民出售冷冻食品，要么是向游客出售古董。然而，这确实会是一个错误的印象。诚然，乡村商业已经萎缩，但其活力仍然显著。例如，我们当地的杂货店，尽管有来自最近的城镇的超市的竞争，但实际上正在扩大。妇女们更愿意去那里，在购物的同时交流当地的新闻，而不是在超市排队。而老板很清楚，个人服务具有相当大的现金价值。3. 单选题Eye contact is a nonverbal technique that helps the speaker “sell” his or her ideas to an audience. Besides its persuasive powers, eye contact helps hold listener interest.A successful speaker must maintain eye contact with an audience. To have good rapport (关系) with listeners, a speaker should maintain direct eye contact for at least 75 percent of the time. Some speakers focus exclusively on their notes. Others gaze over the heads of their listeners. Both are likely to lose audience interest and esteem. People who maintain eye contact while speaking, whether from a podium (演讲台) or from across the table, are “regarded not only as exceptionally well-disposed by their target but also as more believable and earnest.”To show the potency of eye contact in daily life, we have only to consider how passers-by behave when their glances happen to meet on the street. At one extreme are those people who feel obliged to smile when they make eye contact. At the other extreme are those who feel awkward and immediately look away. To make eye contact, it seems, is to make a certain link with someone.Eye contact with an audience also lets a speaker know and monitor the listeners. It is, in fact, essential for analyzing an audience during a speech. Visual cues (暗示) from audience members can indicate that a speech is dragging, that the speaker is dwelling on a particular point for too long, or that a particular point requires further explanation. As we have pointed out, visual feedback from listeners should play an important role in shaping a speech as it is delivered.1. This passage is mainly concerned with _.2. According to the passage, a good speaker must _.3. The word “target” in the last sentence of the second paragraph can best be replaced by _.4. In daily life, when the glances of two passers-by happen to meet, these two persons will inevitably _.5. Eye contact with an audience, according to the author, has all the following benefits for the speaker EXCEPT that it doesnt _.问题1选项A.the importance of eye contactB.the potency of nonverbal techniquesC.successful speech deliveryD.an effective way to gain visual feedbacks问题2选项A.“sell” his or her ideas to an audienceB.maintain direct eye contact with listenersC.be very persuasive and believableD.be exceptionally well-disposed问题3选项A.“destination”B.“goal”C.“audience”D.“followers”问题4选项A.smile to each otherB.feel awkward and look away immediatelyC.try to make a conversation with each otherD.none of the above问题5选项A.help the speaker to control the audienceB.help the speaker to gain audience interest and esteemC.help the speaker to know whether he is talking too much about a certain pointD.help the speaker to analyze his audience when he is beginning his speech【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:C第4题:D第5题:D【解析】1.主旨大意题。结合全文可知，文章首先提出了目光接触这个技巧，接着介绍了具体的做法以及它发挥的重要作用。因此A选项“目光接触的重要性”最符合文章主旨。B选项“非语言技巧的效力”，文章只介绍了目光接触这一种非语言技巧，而不是对非语言技巧效力的概述，所以B错误。C选项“成功的演讲”，良好的目光接触只是成功演讲的因素之一，C选项过于宽泛，所以C错误。D选项“获得视觉反馈的一种有效方法”只是目光接触的作用之一，不能全面地概括文章主旨，所以D错误。2.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第一句A successful speaker must maintain eye contact with an audience.（一个成功的演讲者必须与听众保持目光接触。），说明本文认为成功的演讲者必须与听众保持目光接触。因此B选项“与听众保持直接的目光接触”正确。A选项“向听众推销他或她的想法”