2022年考博英语-首都经济贸易大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题People buy insurance in order to（ ）a small, certain, tolerable loss for a large, uncertain,catastrophic one.问题1选项A.returnB.substituteC.instituteD.predict【答案】B【解析】考查固定词组搭配。固定搭配substitute .for.表示“用代替”。A选项return表示“返回，报答，回击”；C选项institute表示“实行，授予（学位），提起（诉讼）”；D选项predict表示“预言，预测”。【句意】人们买保险是为了用一个可以确定和容忍的小损失来替代大的、不确定的、灾难性的损失。2. 单选题Nowadays, a cellphone service is available to everyone, everywhere. Probably thousands of people have already been using it, but I just discovered it, so Im going to claim it and also name it: Fake Foning.The technology has been working well for me at the office, but there are infinite applications. Virtually in any public space.Say you work at a big university with lots of talky faculty members buzzing about. Now, say you need to use the restroom. The trip down the hall will take approximately one hour, because a person cant walk into those talky people without getting pulled aside for a question, a bit of gossip, a new read on a certain line of Paradise Lost.So, a cellphone. Any cellphone. Just pick it up. Dont dial. Just hold that phone to your face and start talking. Walk confidently down the hall engaged in fake conversation, making sure to tailor both the topic and content to the person standing before you whom you are trying to evade.For standard colleague avoidance, I suggest fake chatting about fake business:“Yes, Im glad you called, because we really need to hammer out the details. Whats that? Yes, I read Page 12, but if you look at the bottom of 4, I think you can see the problem begins right there.”Be engaged in your fake fone conversation. Make eye contact with the people passing, nod to them, gesture keen interest in talking to them at a later time, point to your phone, shrug and move on.Shoppers should consider fake foning anytime they spot a talky neighbor in the produce department pinching (用手捏) unripe peaches. Without your phone at your face, youd be in for a 20-minute speech on how terrible the world is.One important caution about fake foning. The other day I was fake foning my way past a colleague, and he was actually following me to get my attention. I knew he wanted to ask about a project I had not yet finished. I was trying to buy myself some time, so I continued fake foning with my doctor. “So I dont need the operation? Oh, doctor, that is the best news.”And then: Brrrrrrng! Brrrrrmg! Brrrrrmg! My phone started ringing, right there while it was planted on my face. My colleague looked at me, and I at him, and naturally I gasped. “What is the matter with this thing?” I said, pulling the phone away to look at it, and then putting it back to my ear.“Hello? Are you still there?”Oops.1.Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?2. What is faking foning?3. In the authors opinion, in order to make foning look real one has to4. What does the last example show?5. After his phone suddenly began ringing, the author问题1选项A.Cellphone service is popular among people.B.Fake foning is a new cellphone service.C.Cellphone has much use in office.D.Fake foning is a new discovery.问题2选项A.A device newly produced.B.A strategy to avoid people.C.A service provided everywhere.D.A skill of communication.问题3选项A.talk about interesting matters.B.hold the phone while walking.C.appear absorbed in conversation.D.behave politely to people passing by.问题4选项A.One has to be careful while fake foning.B.One effective way is to fake fone ones doctor.C.Fake foning may not deceive people.D.Fake foing is always quite successful.问题5选项A.immediately started talking to the caller.B.immediately started talking to his colleague.C.put the phone away and stopped talking.D.continued with his faking conversation.【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:C第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.推理判断题。本题要找出说法错误的选项，可采用排除法。文章第一句提到任何人在任何地方都可以使用手机服务，因此选项A“手机服务对人们来说很普遍”正确。B选项说fake foning是一项新的手机服务，明显错误。而由文章第二段可知，这种方法在办公室非常有用，故C项正确。文章第一段第二句指出可能已经有相当多的人在用这种方法了，但作者才刚刚发现，故D项正确。因此本题正确答案应为B项。2.推理判断。本题询问fake foning的含义，这正是文章的主题。虽然原文没有给出fake foning的确切定义，但通过原文内容推理可知，fake foning就是假装接听手机的意思。而foning也假借了ph的发音，其含义其实就是phoning。由原文第四段和第五段可以看出，这种假装接电话的目的是colleague avoidance，故B选项正确。其余选项均为对文中语句的混淆解释。3.推理判断题。题干询问“为了让假接手机看起来更真实，作者认为应该怎么做”。由原文第四段最后一句可知，要根据你想要避开的人而改变谈论的主题和内容，因此不能只谈论有趣的话题，故A项错误。而“走路的时候拿着手机”显然也不能单纯地提高真实性，故B项错误。根据原文第七段可知，要专注接听电话，对路过的人只需用眼神交流一下，点点头，同时还要指指电话，表示在讲电话，只能以后再聊，但并不能推断出这种礼貌地回应能让假接手机看起来更真实，故D项错误。只有C项“装成投入到交谈中的样子（没有注意到旁人）”最真实，最符合题意。因此，本题正确答案为C选项。4.推理判断题。题干询问文中最后一个例子的含义，其实也就是询问最后四段的主旨。这个例子是讲作者有一次在假装接电话时，正好有一个电话打进来，作者只好急中生智，装成手机出问题断线了，而自己还不知道后面又继续通话，可见假接电话也要多加小心，故A选项正确。在这个例子中，作者只是刚好假装在和医生通话，故B选项错误。C选项认为fake foning可能欺骗不了别人，是片面的，作者就很巧妙地化解了尴尬局面，成功骗了同事。选项D说假装接电话总是成功的，根据最后这个例子来看这也未必，还是需要小心的。因此本题正确答案为A选项。5.细节事实题。根据倒数第三段可知，当电活铃突然响起时，作者正好与同事四目相对，但是作者并未惊慌，只是很自然地说道：“这东西出什么毛病了?”同时拿开手机看了一下，然后重新放回耳边说到：“喂喂