高三英语复习资料之短文改错归纳短文改错错误类型:(一) 词法的测试1.名词：主要是查名词是否可数，与其修饰语是否一致。eg: 1) I have many hobby, such as football, sing, listen music. Hobby是可数名词，在这要用复数形式；playing football是一项运动，football只是一种球； sing和listen to 要用动名词形式。 2) Do exercises do good to our healthy. exercise作运动讲是不可数名词，do exercise作主语要用动名词形式，谓动用单数；healthy是形容词， 这里要用名词形式。 3) Reading books is one of my hobby. one of 后的名词应用复数形式。2. 代词：对于短文中出现的每一个代词都要查一下它所指代的内容及在句中的作用，注意其数、格、词性是否正确和前后是否一致，常考的代词包括人称代词、指示代词、反身代词、关系代词及疑问代词等。1).He drove too fast, and the police stopped her.前面提到的是he而后面却用her来代，故应将her改为him. 2).This is the best film which I have ever seen. 先行词前有最高级修饰应用关系代词that 而不是which。3. 冠词：英语中只有三个冠词，但用起来却很复杂，在短文改错中，错误不外乎该用冠词时没有用，不该用时却用了；该用an用了a，该用a(n)却用了the.1) I meant to write letter and tell you all the thingsletter为可数名词,故write后应加a. 2) I like playing the football. 去the 3) He is a honest boy. a改为an4. 介词：检查介词主要是查介词与动词、形容词、名词的搭配，介词惯用词组等是否正确。1) I am writing to thank you with your kind help.thank sb. for sth.为固定搭配，故应将with 改为for.2) Im the happiest in all.此句想表达的意思是“我是所有人中最高兴的”。故应将in改为 of. 3) Under the help of my father, I under 改为 with 4) He went to Beijing in next Sunday. in 改为on5. 形容词、副词：形容词、副词的误用主要指在该用形容词的地方用了副词，该用副词的地方用了形容词。改错行中出现形容词或副词时就要仔细分析该形容词或副词修饰什么，形式是否正确，是原级、比较级还是最高级。形容词、副词误用也是常考的改错项目之一。1) I had not interest in English .interest是名词，应用形容词no来修饰，而not是副词，副词不能修饰名2) These are the happier girls Ive ever seen.(NMET2007)此处有Ive ever seen限定，应用最高级，故happier应改为 happiest.3) You can borrow a book very easy. easy 改为easily.4) These books are very worth reading. 用well 修饰6. 连词：短文改错中出现连词就要判断连词用的是否正确，是否符合句子意思；连接的是词还是句子，是否符合逻辑关系。此外如果是平行结构就要注意前后时态、语态、词性一致问题平行结构常借助与并列连词and , or , but , not onlybut also, notbut, eitheror, neither nor, as well as等。1) As it has been raining these days, so we have decided to put off our sports meeting. 由于前句有As引导原因状语从句，因此后句不能再用so,故应把so 去掉。 2) The population is growing, but the earth must support too many people. 根据上下文意思判断，前后两个并列分句不存在意义上的折，所以but应改为and或so.这是典型的并列连词误用。7. 动词：动词错误在短文改错中所占比重最大，它所涉及的错误包括动词的时态、语态错误；易混动词的用法错误; 动词的第三人称单数错误；动词的非谓语形式，以及动词的句型搭配错误等。在改错题中，动词方面的考查比例较大。1) 动词的时态、语态错误a. I will write again and send you the photos we take together.take photos动作发生在过去，应用过去时. b. The book you borrowed from the library should returned in five days. 根据本句意义，should后应加上been，构成被动语态。c. In school, I often playing football for my friends. playing改为 play; for 改为with2) 易混动词使用错误a. I persuaded him to stop smoking, but he didnt listen. persuade 意为“说服”，强调成功的结果，而根据下句 he didnt listen可知，劝说并没有成功，故应改persuaded为 advised.b. You please rise your hands. rise是不及物动词，而raise是及物动词，所以举手应用 raise your hands.这属于及物动词与不及物动词的误用。3) 非谓语动词使用错误a. We are looking forward to see you on the birthday party. look forward to 中的to是介词，应加动名词，将see改为seeing.b. Im sorry I keep you wait for a long time .I got caught in the traffic.在任何情况下keep均和doing连用，如keep doing sth.; keep sb. (sth).doing sth. ;keep from doing 等.c. Id like to your pen friend, and get to know more about your country.to后加be。因其后是名词，而不是动词原形，不能直接用to.8. 词语固定搭配:主要考查介词与动词、名词、形容词的固定搭配；副词、动词的固定搭配；及物动词后多介词或副词以及不及物动词后少介词，英语中的一些固定句型与习惯搭配等。1) My teacher advised me to keep my diary.keep a diary是固定搭配，意思是“写日记”.2) In my surprise, he did very well in his previous job. To ones surprise 是固定搭配3) I thought that was dull to watch a game(NMET2005)此题考查it的功能，It + be + adj. + to do为固定结构。4) the activities are not only enjoyable and also helpful.解析： not only but also为固定结构，故将and 改为but.5) I have no difficulty learn maths.have difficulty (in) doing sth.为固定结构6) He spends too much time play games.spend some time (in) doing sth.为固定结构 (二) 句法的测试：1主谓语在数上的一致；I hope everything are ok with you. are 改为is2名词性从句；A man came up to him and asked that he needed. that是连词，在从句中无任何意义，而后面的宾语从句缺宾语，用what引导宾语从句作宾语从句的宾语。 3定语从句；This would save the life of many animals, some of then have almost died out.them改为 which4强调句型；It is/was +被强调的部分+that/whoIt was in 1949 when he joined the army. when改为that5句子结构的连贯性、完整性、对等性及逻辑性。(三)语篇的测试 语篇的测试包括：1上下文中的时态是否一致；2上下文中的代词是否一致；3上下文中的逻辑是否一致；4上下文中的词、词组、从句的替代是否正确。四、注意问题：短文改错时改“错”，而不是把文中的表达法改成另外的表达形式。很多考生对这个概念比较模糊。把原文中并没有错的形式改成了自己认可的另外一种形式，虽然改后的表达法也是对的，但这样做偏离了这类题型的答题要求，因而也不能得分。高考英语高频词组汇【经典100组】很多同学觉得英语学不会很大程度上有由于词汇量太少所致。然而其实不然，有一些词汇很简单，你个个都认识可组合起来就不一定了或者意思就会产生偏差，这就是名曰词组的东西。可恰恰有些词组总是受到高考命题老师们的偏爱，特此整理出来以便同学们整理背诵。1 abandon oneself to sth. 完全屈从于（某种感情或冲动）2 have a (the )ability to do sth. ( have the ability in doing sth.)有能力做某事3 to the best of ones ability 尽力4 be about to do when 正准备做某事突然。5 above all 首先，最重要； in all 总计 after all 毕竟; 终究6 at home and abroad 在国内外 go abroad 出国7 in sb.s absence 不在时 in the absence of （人）不在时 be absent from 缺席8 be absorbed in 全神贯注于9 access to 接近；进入10 by accident 偶然 by chance by mistake 由于