2022年考博英语-暨南大学考试题库（难点、易错点剖析）附答案有详解1. 单选题It is essential to be on the（ ）for any signs of movement in the undergrowth since there are poisonous snakes in the area.问题1选项A.guardB.careC.alertD.alarm【答案】C【解析】本题考查的是固定搭配。根据句意可知此处要填一个词与be on the . for构成搭配，表示“警惕、提防”的意思，care和alarm都不能与之构成搭配，be on the alert for是固定搭配表示“警惕、提防”的意思，guard通常的用法是be on guard for，guard的前面不需要加定冠词the，所以此处应该选择alert，故正确答案为选项C。2. 单选题Melissa is a computer（ ）that destroyed files in computers and frustrated thousands of users around the world.问题1选项A.geniusB.virusC.diseaseD.bacteria【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。genius“天才”；virus“病毒”；disease“疾病”；bacteria“细菌”， 根据destroyed files in computers“破坏电脑中的文件”，可知此处说的是电脑病毒。句意：米丽莎是一种电脑，它能够摧毁电脑中的文件，困扰了成千上万的全球用户。故正确答案为选项B。3. 不定项选择题The most valuable diamonds are large, individual crystals of pure crystal lint carbon. Less perfect forms, known as “boars” and “carbonado” are clusters of tiny crystals. Until diamonds are cut and polished, they do not sparkle like those you see on a ring they just look like small, blue-grey stones.In a rather crude form the cutting and polishing of precious stones was an art known to the Ancient Egyptians, and in the middle Ages it became widespread in north-west Europe. However, a revolutionary change in the methods of cutting and polishing was made in 1476 when Ludwig Van Berquen of Bruges in Belgium invented the use of a swiftly revolving wheel with its edge faced with fine diamond powder. The name “boast” is given to this fine powder as well as the natural crystalline material already mentioned. It is also gimp to badly flawed or broken diamond crystals, useless as jewels that are broken into powder for grinding purposes, the so-called “industrial” diamonds.Diamond itself is the only material hard enough to cut and polish diamonds though recently, high-intensity light beams called lasers have been developed which can bore holes in them. It may be necessary to split or cleave the large stones before they are cut and polished.Every diamond has a natural line of cleavage, along which it may be split by a sharp blow with a cutting edge. A fully cut “brilliant” diamond has 58 facets, or faces, regularly arranged. For cutting or faceting, the stones are fixed into copper holders and held against a wheel, edged with a mixture of Oil and fine diamond dust, which is revolved at about 2,500 revolutions a minute. Amsterdam and Antwerp, in Holland and Belgium respectively, have been the centre of the diamond cutting and polishing industry for over seven centuries.The jewel value of brilliant diamonds depends greatly on their colors, or “water” as it is called. The usual coolers of diamonds are white, yellow, brown, green or blue. Surrounding rocks and take on their color, thus black, red and even bright pink diamonds have occasionally been found.The trade in diamonds is not only in the valuable gem stones but also in the industrial diamonds mentioned above. Zaire produces 70% of such stones. They are fixed into the rock drills used in mining and civil engineering, also for edging band saws for cutting stone. Diamond-faced tools are used for cutting and drilling glass and fine porcelain and for dentists drills. They are used as bearings in watches and other finely balanced instruments. Perhaps you own some diamonds without knowing it in your wristwatch!1. “Carbonado” is the name given to（ ）.2. The art of cutting and polishing precious stones remained crude until（ ）.3. During faceting, diamonds are held in copper holders（ ）.4. The value order of water in diamond（ ）.5. Industrial diamonds are used（ ）.问题1选项A.only the very best diamondsB.lumps of pure carbonC.Spanish diamondsD.diamonds made up of many small crystals问题2选项A.the fourteenth centuryB.the fifteenth centuryC.the sixteenth centuryD.the seventeenth century问题3选项A.to facilitate accurate cuttingB.to make them shine more brilliantlyC.so that they can revolve more easilyD.as a steel holder might damage the diamond问题4选项A.is more important than their colorB.ranges from blue-white upwardsC.ranges from blue white downwardsD.has never been reliably established问题5选项A.for a wide range of purposesB.mainly for dentists drillsC.for decoration in rings and watchesD.principally in mass-produced jewellery【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:A第4题:D第5题:A【解析】第1题:细节事实题。“黑金刚石”是用来称呼什么的？选项A“仅仅是最好的钻石”；选项B“纯碳团”；选项C“西班牙钻石”；选项D“由小水晶组成的钻石”，根据第一段中 “Less perfect forms, known as boars and carbon ado are clusters of tiny crystals.”不那么完美的形式，被称为“野猪”或者“黑金刚钻”，是一簇小水晶组成的，所以“黑金刚钻”指的是小水晶组成的钻石，故正确答案为选项D。第2题:细节事实题。切割和打磨宝石的工艺保持着粗糙直到，选项A“十四世纪”；选项B“十五世纪”；选项C“十六世纪”；选项D“十七世纪”，第二段首先说了粗糙的切割和打磨钻石的工艺开始于古埃及，然后“However, a revolutionary change in the methods of cutting and polishing was made in 1476 when. 然而切割和打磨钻石的工艺在1476年发生了革命性的变化”，所以直到15世纪这种粗糙的工艺才被革新，故正确答案为选项B。