2022年考博英语-云南大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Heavy fighting has been going on after the guerrillas had（ ）their offensive attack on local force.问题1选项A.undertakenB.launchedC.begunD.embarked【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。undertake“承担”；launch“发射”；begin“开始”；embark“出发”。本句意为“游击队开始对当地军队发动进攻后，激烈的战斗一直在进行”。begin符合句意，表达进攻从开始就一直进行着。因此选项C正确。2. 单选题Earthquakes are the most lethal of all natural disasters. What causes them? Geologists explain them in terms of a theory known as plates tectonics. Continents are floating apart from each other, this is referred to as the continental drift. About sixty miles below the surface of the sea, there is a semi-molten bed of rock over which plates, or slabs, carry continents and sea floors at a rate of several inches a year. As the plates separate from each other, a new sea floor is formed by the molten matter that was formerly beneath. Volcanic islands and large mountain ranges are created by this type of movement. The collision of plate causes geographical instability such as that in California called the San Andreas Fault located between the Pacific and North America plates. The plates there are constantly pushing and pulling adjacent plates, thereby creating tremors and a potential for earthquakes in the area.Geologists would like to be able to predict earthquakes accurately. Using laser beams, seismographs, gravity-measuring devices, and radio telescopes, they are presently studying the San Andrea Fault to determine the rate of stain and the amount of ground slippage. Calculations indicate that sometime within the next ten years: California will be struck by a major earthquake.In spite of the geologists theory of plate tectonics, there are still gaps in mans understanding and knowledge of the causes of earthquakes. Powerful earthquakes have occurred in places where plate boundaries are hundreds of miles away. In the 1800s, New Madrid, Missouri and Charleston, South Carolina, were shaken by earthquakes that no one had foreseen.Certain areas of the world are quake prone, Italy, Yugoslavia, and Algeria have experienced many quakes. In November 1980, Naples was struck by an especially devastating quake. China and Japan have also hit by horrendous (terrible) quakes. In 1923, Tokyo and Yokohama were reduced to rubble by gigantic tremors that were followed by fires, tornadoes, and finally a thirly-four-foot tsunami, or tidal wave, which was caused by the Earths drop into the waters of Tokyo Bay. More than 150,000 people died in that earthquake.What effects have geologists predictions of earthquake had? The Chinese in Haicheng in 1974 were warned that an earthquake might occur within the next year or two. With the help of amateur seismologists observations of animal behavior and the rise and fall of water in wells and measurements of radioactive gas in water, professional geologists were able, in January 1975, to predict an earthquake within the next six months. On February 4, Haicheng was destroyed, but because its residents had been evacuated, very few people were killed. In California, where earthquake is an ever-present menace, building codes now require quakeproof structures, and Civil Defense units have intensified their training in how to deal with disaster should it strike or, perhaps more accurately, when it strikes. Should predictions of a quake within the next ten years be accurate, many Californians may be able to save both their lives and their property.1.Continental drift is the concept that （ ）.2.If predictions are correct, California（ ） .3.Californians are preparing for an earthquake by（ ）.4.Naples was （ ）.5.The best title for this passage could be （ ）.问题1选项A.continents are drawing nearer to each otherB.continents are separatingC.continents are 60 miles apart from each otherD.new continents are developing beneath the sea问题2选项A.Will be struck by an earthquake in the next ten yearsB.Will be saved from earthquake within ten yearsC.Is unstable as a result of the San Andreas Fault.D.Has nothing to fear问题3选项A.Saving their propertyB.Building stronger houses and practicing techniques to handle emergenciesC.Ignoring the Sun Andreas FaultD.moving to another state问题4选项A.not damaged much by an earthquakeB.struck by a horrendous earthquakeC.struck by an earthquake a long time ageD.prepared for an earthquake问题5选项A.Building codes in CaliforniaB.Observation of animal behavior in ChinaC.Cause and prediction of earthquakeD.Devastating earthquakes【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:B第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。题干询问大陆漂移说是怎样一个概念？根据文章第段第四句 “Continents are floating apart from each other, this is referred to as the continental drift. “大陆之间是相互分离的，这被称为大陆漂移。”，所以B选项 “大陆是分离开的”正确。2.推理判断题。题干询问如果预言是正确的，加利福尼亚会怎样？根据文章第二段最后一句“Calculations indicate that sometime within the next ten years: California will be struck by a major earthquake. 计算表明，在未来