2022年考博英语-西南政法大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 翻译题Translate the following into ChineseIf the Commission finds, after notice and opportunity for hearing, that any person is violating, has violated, or is about to violate any provision of this title, or any rule or regulation thereunder, the Commission may publish its findings and enter an order requiring such person, and any other person that is, was, or would be a cause of the violation, due to an act or omission the person knew or should have known would contribute to such violation, to cease and desist from committing or causing such violation and any future violation of the same provision, rule, or regulation. Such order may, in addition to requiring a person to cease and desist from committing or causing a violation, require such person to comply, or to take steps to effect compliance with such provision, rule, or regulation, upon such terms and conditions and within such time as the commission may specify in such order. Any such order may, as the Commission deems appropriate, require future compliance or steps to effect future compliance, either permanently or for such period of time as the Commission may specify, with such provision, rule or regulation with respect to any security, any issuer, or any other person.【答案】在通知和一个听讯机会后，如果委员会发现任何人正在、已经或即将去违反这个法令的任何条款、或其下的任何规则或规章，那么该委员会可能发布其调查结果，且提出一个指令，其要求这个人和任何其它人（这个人因其知晓或本应知晓的会导致如此违反的一个行为或疏忽而现在、过去或将来是此类违反的一个原因）停止犯下或造成此类违反和任何对同样条款的将来违反。除需要一个人停止犯下或导致一个违反之外，如此的指令可能要求这类人，依据该委员会在如此的指令中可能规定的条款和条件以及时间期限，去遵守或采取措施去实现遵守如此的条款，规则或规章。就任何担保人、发行者或任何其它人而言，任何如此的指令可能，如同该委员会认为恰当的那样，要求以后永久地或在该委员会可能规定的时间段内遵守或采取措施去实现遵守如此的条款、规则或规章。2. 单选题She was so（ ）for the knowledge that she had taught herself all the courses before she went to college.问题1选项A.graveB.greedyC.anxiousD.worried【答案】B【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项grave“重大的”；B选项greedy“贪婪的，渴望的”；C选项anxious“焦虑的”；D选项worried“担心的”。句意：她是对知识是如此的渴望，以至于她在上大学之前就自学了所有的课程。选项B符合句意。3. 单选题The（ ） bones of an elderly person may fracture easily.问题1选项A.slenderB.brittleC.denseD.firm【答案】B【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项slender“细长的，苗条的”；B选项brittle“脆弱的”；C选项 dense“稠密的”；D选项firm“坚定的”。句意：老年人脆弱的骨头可能容易折断。选项B符合句意。4. 单选题The city signed a/an（ ）contract with Italy in order to make full use of their natural resources and capital.问题1选项A.unusualB.influentialC.residentialD.reciprocal【答案】D【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项unusual“不寻常的”；B选项influential“有影响的，有势力的”；C选项residential“住宅的”；D选项reciprocal“互惠的”。句意：为了充分利用其自然资源和资本，该市与意大利签订了互惠合约。选项D符合句意。5. 单选题With the development of international trade, an international medium of exchange is required. From the late 1800s until World War I, most countries operated on the gold standard. Gold coins of standard specifications circulated freely between countries, making gold in effect an international currency. This system provided an automatic correction for some trade imbalances, but it had little liquidity (the money supply could not expand as rapidly as required by expanding trade), and it was vulnerably to short-term changes in the gold supply.After the financial stability of the 1930s，the international monetary system was re-built following World War II on the gold-exchange standard. The values of most national currencies were fixed in relation to the US dollar, reserves were kept in dollars, which would be exchanged on demand for gold at a set price ($35 an ounce until 1968). The International Monetary Fund, a key institution set up under this system, makes international loans with capital subscribed by its members, which include most noncommunist states. Voting rights are proportional to the amounts subscribed. The IMF has been able, through its loans, to stabilize fluctuating currencies and to influence the internal financial policies of recipient countries, a frequently criticized practice.The success of the gold exchange standard, however, depended on the superior position of the US in world trade. In the 1960s, continual balance payments deficits lowered US gold reserves and fatally undermined the system. In 1968 a two-tiered system was adopted. Government banks maintained a fixed gold price, while none governmental buyers traded freely. Simultaneously, non-dollar special drawing right were assigned to IMF members in proportion to their contributions. But these changes didnt relieve the strain on the US dollar. In 1971 President Richard Nixon announced that dollars would no longer automatically be exchanged for gold, and since then there has been no single international monetary standard.1.Since World War II the international monetary system has shown an overall trend toward（ ）.2.The reason why the gold standard had limited liquidity is probable because（ ）.3.The gold-exchange standard differs from the gold standard in that（ ）.问题1选项A.greater centralize control of world trade.B.trying the value of world currencies rather than the value of gold suppl