2022-2023年考博英语-陕西师范大学模拟考试题（含答案解析）1. 单选题Please check the copy_the original before handing in.问题1选项A.withB.againstC.overD.A and B【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配。check sth. against/with sth.表示“对照某物核对某物”，为固定搭配。根据the copy与the original可知此处表示“对照原件核对该复印件”，因此选D。句意：交上来之前请把复印件和原件核对一下。2. 单选题Having had her as a professor and an adviser, I can tell you that she is an_force who pushes her students to excel far beyond their own expectations.问题1选项A.inspirationalB.educationalC.excessiveD.instantaneous【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项inspirational“启发灵感的，鼓舞人心的”；B选项educational“教育的，有教育意义的”；C选项excessive“过度的，极度的”；D选项instantaneous“立即的，立刻的”。根据pushes her students to excel far beyond their own expectations可知A选项符合语义。句意：有她作为教授和顾问，我可以告诉你，她有一种鼓舞人心的力量，推动她的学生超越自己的期望。3. 单选题There are many good bakeries in Milltown; in fact, the baking industry is（）.问题1选项A.adhesiveB.flourishingC.incidentalD.accommodating【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。通过There are many good bakeries in Milltown可知Milltown有很多好的面包房，所以这里的烘焙产业发展不错。A选项为“可黏的”；B选项为“繁荣的；盛行的”；C选项为“附属的；偶然的；伴随发生的”；D选项为“乐于助人的；可通融的；随和的”。因此，B选项更符合题意。4. 单选题I wouldnt_to interfere. Instead, I let my students make their own decision问题1选项A.resumeB.presumeC.assumeD.consume【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项resume“重新开始，恢复，继续”；B选项presume“假设，冒昧，擅自主张”；C选项assume“假定，认为，承担”；D选项consume“消耗，消费”。根据转折词Instead后面的内容可知B选项符合语义。句意：我将不会擅自干涉。相反，我让我的学生们自己做决定。5. 单选题Americans are people obsessed with child-rearing. In their books, magazines, talk shows, parent training courses, White House conferences, and chats over the back fence, they endlessly debate the best ways to raise children. Moreover, Americans do more than debate their theories; they translate them into action. They erect playgrounds for the youngsters pleasure, equip large schools for their education, and train skilled specialists for their welfare. Whole industries in America are devoted to making children happy, healthy and wise.But this interest in childhood is relatively new. In fact, until very recently people considered childhood just a brief, unimportant prelude to adulthood and the real business of living. By and large, they either ignored children, beat them, or fondled them carelessly, much as we would amuse ourselves with a lot of puppies. When they gave serious thought to children at all, people either conceived of them as miniature adults or as peculiar, unformed animals.Down through the ages the experiences of childhood have been as varied as its duration. Actions that would have provoked a beating in one era elicit extra loving care in another. Babies who have been nurtured exclusively by their mothers in one epoch are left with day-care workers in another. In some places children have been trained to straddle unsteady canoes, negotiate treacherous mountain passes, and carry heavy bundles on their heads. In other places they have been taught complicated piano concerti and long multiplication tables.But diverse as it has been, childhood has one common experience at its core and that is the social aspect of nurture. All children need adults to bring them up. Because human young take so long to become independent, we think that civilization may have grown up around the need to feed and protect them. Certainly, from the earliest days of man, adults have made provision for the children in their midst.1. The present day American obsession with child-rearing has（）.2. Children in the past were ill-treated or petted because they were（）.3. How have childhood experiences varied?4. According to the author, children（）.5. What is the authors attitude to developments in the perception of childhood?问题1选项A.resulted in ineffectual actionB.initiated pointless discussionsC.had wide-ranging resultsD.produced endless theories问题2选项A.ignorant of adult lifeB.seen as uninterestingC.considered of no importanceD.conceived of as having animal natures问题3选项A.Children have been alternately beaten and loved through the ages.B.There have been differences in child rearing in different epochs.C.Parents have increasingly taken control of their childrens nurturing.D.In some places physical training has given way to encouraging creativity.问题4选项A.need intensive adult nurturingB.are the instigators of civilizationC.remain physically dependent until adulthoodD.have common social experiences问题5选项A.CynicalB.IndifferentC.PositiveD.Neutral【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:B第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.考查细节事实题。文章第一段介绍了美国人对于幼儿教育的态度，根据原文“Moreover, Americans do more than debate their theories; they translate them into action.”可知，美国人不仅仅辩论他们的理论，而且也采取行动。因此，C项had wide-ranging results“有广泛的结果”符合题意，故本题选C。2.考查细节事实题。根据文章第二段中的In fact, until very recently people considered childhood just a brief, unimportant prelude to adulthood and the real business of