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英语中代词的分类和用法1.人称代词 1)人称代词的人称、数和格,如下表所示。 2)人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语,宾格作宾语。如: I like table tennis. (作主语) Do you knowhim?(作宾语) 3)人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如: -Whos is knocking at the door? -Its me. 4)人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。如: He is older than me. He is older thanI am. 2. 物主代词 1)表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词(中小学辅导,就来致学教育)。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性 物主代词,如下表所示。 2)形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词,可在句中作定语。例如: Our teacher is coming to see us. This is her pencil-box. 3)名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词,在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。 Our school is here, and theirs is there.(作主语) - Is this English-book yours? (作表语) - No. Mine is in my bag. Ive already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? (作宾语)3. 指示代词 指示代词包括:this,that,these,those。 1) this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人,that和those 则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人,例如: This is a pen andthat is a pencil. We are busy these days. Inthose days the workers had a hard time. 2)有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物,this 和these则是指下面将要讲 到的事物,例如: I had a cold. Thats why I didnt come. What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English. 3)有时为了避免重复提到的名词(中小学辅导,就来致学教育),常可用that或those代替,例如: Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai. 4)this 在电话用语中代表自己,that 则代表对方。例如: Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking? 4. 反身代词 英语中用来表示“我自己”,“你自己”,“他自己”,“我们自己”,“你们自己” 等意义的代词称为反身代词,也有人称之为自身代名词,其形式如表所示。 反身代词可以在句中作宾语,表语,同位语。 1)作宾语,表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者,主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。 He called himself a writer. Would you please express yourself in English? 2)作表语。 It doesnt matter.Ill be myself soon. The girl in the news is myself. 3)作主语或宾语的同位语,表示亲自或本人。 I myself washed the clothes.(=I washed the clothes myself.)(作主语同位语) You should ask the teacher himself.(作宾语同位语)
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