2022年考博英语-外交学院考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Just as the authors book on eels is often a key text for courses in marine vertebrate zoology, their ideas on animal development and phylogeny（ ）teaching in this area.问题1选项A.preventB.defyC.replicateD.inform【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项prevent“预防，防止；阻止；妨碍，阻止”；B选项defy“藐视；公然反抗；挑衅；使落空”；C选项replicate“复制；折叠；重复；折转”；D选项inform“通知；告诉；报告；告发；告密”。句意：就像作者关于鳗鱼的书经常是海洋脊椎动物学课程的关键文本一样，他们关于动物发展和系统发育的观点也影响着这一领域的教学。因此D选项正确。2. 翻译题直到不久前，韩国以外还很少有人知道“江南”这个位于首尔东南部的一个上流社区，这里的居民数量约占首尔人口总数的5%。然后，朴载相横空出世。 更具体地说，应该是这位韩国流行歌手的单曲江南Style横空出世。这首歌今年夏季在YouTube上红透半边天。整个互联网到处都是模仿它的视频，从澳大利亚到秘鲁都有以江南Style为主题的快闪活动；喝着烧酒签下美国唱片合约，占据美国电视黄金时段；甚至还有人深入分析骑马舞。 但对于很多人来说，那个老问题仍然存在：“江南”到底是什么样的？ 江南区不乏知名品牌，但要想找到高端、小众的精品时装店，可以去Cheongdam和Shinsa等街区。在这里你会找到前卫的国际品牌概念商店，还有本土时装大牌。这里的商店都价格不菲，但要像朴载相所说的那样“穿得优雅、舞得奔放”，就得花这个代价。 奉恩寺(Bongeunsa)位于首尔江南区修道山上，是韩国历史最悠久的寺庙之一。尽管在李氏王朝初期，儒家思想受到的推崇超过了佛教，但在16世纪中叶，在普雨(Bowoo)大禅师的指导下，奉恩寺作为韩国主要的禅宗佛教中心开始兴旺起来。如果你想获得一些点化，可以参加一个为期两天的住寺活动，主要是一些修身养性的活动，比如斋饭、茶道和冥想等。【答案】Until recently, few people outside of South Korea had heard of Gangnam, an upscale neighborhood in Seouls southeast that houses roughly 5% of the capitals population. Then, a singer named Psy has made the whole world amazing.More specifically, the K-pop musicians Gangnam Style, which went viral on YouTube over the summer. Videos of Gangnam Style imitation show can be seen all over the internet. Gangnam Style flash mobs from Australia to Peru. Having signed a Unitied States record deal with his shochu; Psys Gangnam Style dominates American TV primetime. And even draw out of an in-depth analyses of that horse dance.But for many, the question still remains: What goes on in Gangnam, anyway?Theres full of brand names in Gangnam. But for a range of upscale, niche boutiques, head to the districts of Cheongdam and Shinsa. This is where youll find fashion-forward international concept stores alongside home-grown havens of chic. Stores here arent cheap, but thats the price you pay to dress classy, and dance cheesy, as Psy puts it.Bongeunsa, located in Gangnam Convent Mountain, is the oldest time-honored temple in South Korea. Though Buddhism was more popular than Confucianism early in Li dynasty, under the guidance of Bowoo master, Bongeunsa began to prosper as South Koreas main Zen Buddhist Center in the mid-16th century.If you want to get some enlightenment, you can take part in a two-day Abbot Activities, mainly including self-cultivation activities, such as vegetarian food, a tea ceremony and meditation.3. 单选题The number of 500 is a(n)（ ）number for 498 or 503.问题1选项A.oddB.roundC.longD.even【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项odd number“奇数”；B选项round number“整数”；C选项long number“多位数”；D选项even number“偶数”。题干中需知道数字500与498和503的关系，句意：500是498或503的近似百位整数。因此B选项正确。4. 单选题Atmospheric pressure can support a column of water up to 10 meters high. But plants can move water much higher: the sequoia tree can pump water to its very top, more than 100 meters above the ground. Until the end of the nineteenth century, the movement of water in trees and other tall plants was a mystery. Some botanists hypothesized that the living cells of plants acted as pumps. But many experiments demonstrated that the steins of plants in which all the cells are killed can still move water to appreciable heights. Other explanations for the movement of water in plants have been based on root pressure, a push on the water from the roots at the bottom of the plant. But root pressure is not nearly great enough to push water to the tops of tall trees. Furthermore, the conifers, which are among the tallest trees, have unusually low root pressures.If water is not pumped to the top of a tall tree, and if it is not pushed to the top of a tall tree, then we may ask: How does it get there? According to the currently accepted cohesion-tension theory, water is pulled there. The pull on a rising column of water in a plant results from the evaporation of water at the top of the plant. As water is lost from the surface of the leaves, a negative pressure, or tension, is created. The evaporated water is replaced by water moving from inside the plant in unbroken columns that extend from the top of a plant to its roots. The same forces that create surface tension in any sample of water are responsible for the maintenance of these unbroken columns of water. When water is confined in tubes of very small bore, the forces of cohesion (the attraction between water molecules) are so great that the strength of a column of water compares with the strength of a steel wire of the same diameter. This cohesive strength permits columns of water to be pulled to great heights without being broken.1. How many theories does the author mention?2. The passage answers which of the following questions?3. How botanists know that root pressure is not the only force that moves water in plants?4. Which of the f