2022年考博英语-河北农业大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题In former revolutionary base areas, the poverty-stricken people can not afford to live in _ conditions.问题1选项A.graciousB.decentC.honorableD.positive【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项gracious“宽厚的；仁慈的”；B选项decent“像样的；相当好的”；C选项honorable“可敬的；保护声誉的；体面的”；D选项positive“积极的”。句意：在旧的革命根据地，贫困群众不能拥有_的生活条件。根据语境，B选项decent“像样的；相当好的”搭配conditions“条件”比较合理，意思指生活条件优越。因此B选项正确。2. 单选题It is an interesting fact _ try to do the same things as nature does, they usually have to do them in a different way.问题1选项A.that when menB.when that menC.that menD.when men【答案】A【解析】考查主语从句和状语从句。句意：一个有趣的事实是，当人们试图做自然所做的同样的事情时，他们通常不得不以不同的方式去做。It作形式主语，真正的主语是横线到句尾部分，其中主语从句中包含一个时间状语从句，that引导主语从句，when引导时间状语从句，所以A选项that when men正确。其余选项语法错误。因此A选项正确。3. 单选题What might driving on an automated highway be like? The answer depends on what kind of system is ultimately adopted. Two distinct types are on the drawing board. The first is a special- purpose lane system, in which certain lanes are reserved for automated vehicles. The second is a mixed traffic system: fully automated vehicles would share the road with partially automated or manual driven cars. A special-purpose lane system would require more extensive physical modifications to existing highways, but it promises the greatest gains in freeway capacity.Under either scheme, the driver would specify the desired destination, furnishing this information to a computer in the car at the beginning of the trip or perhaps just before reaching the automated highway. If a mixed traffic system way was in place, automated driving could begin whenever the driver was on suitably equipped roads. If special purpose lanes were available, the car could enter them and join existing traffic in two different ways. One method would use a special onramp.As the driver approached the point of entry for the highway, devices installed on the roadside would electronically check the vehicle to determine its destination and to ascertain that it had the proper automation equipment in good working order. Assuming it passed such tests, the driver would then be guided through a gate and toward an automated lane. In this case, the transition from manual to automated control would take place on the entrance ramp. An alternative technique could employ conventional lanes, which would be shared by automated and regular vehicles. The driver would steer onto the highway and move in normal fashion to a “transition” lane. The vehicle would then shift under computer control onto a lane reserved for automated traffic. (The limitation of these lanes to automated traffic would, presumably, be well respected, because all trespassers could be swiftly identified by authorities.)Either approach to joining a lane of automated traffic would harmonize the movement of newly entering vehicles with those already traveling. Automatic control here should allow for smooth merging without the usual uncertainties and potential for accidents. And once a vehicle had settled into automated travel, the driver would be free to release the wheel, open the morning paper or just relax.1. We learn from the first paragraph that two systems of automated highways （ ）.2. A special-purpose lane system is probably advantageous in that （ ）.3. Which of the following is true about driving on an automated highway?4. We know from the passage that a car can enter a special purpose lane （ ）.5. When driving in an automated lane. The driver （ ）.问题1选项A.are being plannedB.are being modifiedC.are now in wide useD.are under construction问题2选项A.it would require only minor changes to existing highwaysB.it would achieve the greatest highway traffic efficiencyC.it has a lane for both automated and partially automated vehiclesD.it offers more lanes for automated vehicles问题3选项A.Vehicles traveling on it are assigned different lanes according to their destinations.B.A car can join existing traffic any time in a mixed lane system.C.The driver should inform his car computer of his destination before driving onto it.D.The driver should share the automated lane with those of regular vehicles.问题4选项A.by smoothly merging with cars on the conventional laneB.by way of a ramp with electronic control devicesC.through a specially guarded gateD.after all trespassers are identified and removed问题5选项A.should harmonize with newly entering carsB.doesnt have to rely on his computer systemC.should watch out for potential accidentsD.doesnt have to hold on to the steering wheel【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:C第4题:B第5题:D【解析】1. 细节事实题。第一段第三句Two distinct types are on the drawing board（绘图板上有两种不同的类型）可知，这两个系统正在设计中，因此选择A项“正在计划中”。B项“正在修改”，C项“现在被广泛使用”，D项“正在施工中”，均错误。2. 细节事实题。题目问special-purpose lane system的优势。定位到第一段最后一句A special-purpose lane system would require more