2022年考博英语-全国医学统考考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题12.问题1选项A.His backache.B.His broken leg.C.His skin problem.D.His eye condition.【答案】C【解析】W: Whats the problem?M: I have had an itchy rash on my body, and arms and legs for the last two months.W: Can you describe it?M: Its pink with thrust oval spots.Q: What has brought the man here?【解析】细节题。对话中男士说：Ive had an itching rash on my body, and arms and legs (我身上、胳膊上和腿上起了很痒的皮疹)。2. 单选题21-25问题1选项A.35million.B.34million.C.25million.D.20million.问题2选项A.Author, professor and dreamerB.Writer, professor and insomniac.C.Author, psychologist and insomniac.D.Dramatist, psychologist and scientist.问题3选项A.Sleeping in 8-hour consolidated blocks.B.Sleeping during day time.C.Going to bed soon after dark.D.Two blocks of 4-hour sleep with a waking break.问题4选项A.Because they have unnoticeable sleeping patterns.B.Because they sleep very little.C.Because they are insensitive.D.Because they cant complain.问题5选项A.Sleep is highly variable, and wears out with age.B.Falling asleep is a gradual process.C.Sleeping less will help you lose weight.D.People need to sleep eight hours a day.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:C第4题:D第5题:A【解析】Our culture is obsessed with sleep, and the lack of it, yet many of us dont know some basic facts. (21) As many as 35 million Americans experience chronic insomnia, and yet in 2006 only $20 million was spent on research. (22) In the six years that author, professor and lifelong insomniac Gayle Green spent researching and writing her book “Insomniac”. She learned almost all there is to know about sleep and the lack thereof. Here are five common myths about how we get our shut-eye and why:1. Humans Need Eight Hours Sleep a NightThere are many ways of sleeping and few cultures sleep in eight-hour consolidated blocks like we do. Until the industrial era, many Western Europeans divided the night into “the first sleep”and the “second sleep.” (23) Theyd go to bed soon after dark, sleep for four hours then wake for an hour or two during which theyd write, pray, smoke, have sex or even visit neighbors. In fact, theres some evidence to suggest that this sleep pattern may be the one most in tune with our inherent circadian rhythms.2. Sleep Isnt Just a Bodily FunctionSleep is a biological, physiological system, akin to the cardiovascular system, the nervous system and so on. (25) Like any other system, it is highly variable, and it wears out and gets more fragile with age.3. Animals Dont Have Sleep ProblemsInsomnia occurs in animals and insects, too, sort of. Technically, (24) insomnia is defined as a “complaint,” and since animals cant complain, its difficult to measure in them.4. Falling Asleep Is a Gradual Process NopeInstead, for most people, it switches on and off like a light switch. But for insomniacs and narcoleptics, the switch doesnt work quite well. Instead they inhabit the space in between never entirely awake, nor entirely asleep.5. Sleeping Less Burns More CaloriesIn the short term, yes, but sleeping less probably wont help you lose weight. Lack of sleep suppresses our natural appetite-depressants, while fueling appetite-increasers, often leading to weight gain.21. According to the talk, approximately how many Americans suffer chronic insomnia?【解析】此题为细节信息再现题。文章中提到：As many as 35 million Americans experience chronic insomnia，所以答案为A。22. Which of the following can best describe Gayle Green?【解析】此题为细节信息再现题。文章中提到：In the six years that author, professor and lifelong insomnia Gayle Green spent researching and writing her book“Insonmniac”. 答案为B。23. Which of the following sleeping patterns might be the most in tune with our inherent biological system?【解析】此题为细节信息再现题。文章中提到： there s some evidence to suggest that this sleep pattern may be the one most in tune with our inherent circadian rhythms.而这里的this sleep pattern指的就是前一句话说的睡觉模式：Theyd go to bed soon after dark, sleep for four hours then wake for an hour or two during which theyd write, pray, smoke, have sex or even visit neighbors.因而符合这一睡觉模式的是C。24. According to the talk, why is it difficult to measure insomnia in animals?【解析】此题为细节信息再现题。文章中提到：insomnia is defined as a“complaint,”and since animals cant complain, its difficult to measure in them.所以答案为D。25. According to the talk, which of the following is true?【解析】此题可以用排除法，文章中提出五个常见的对睡眠的错误认识。B、C和D正是其中的三个，因而A为答案。3. 单选题8.问题1选项A.To X-ray his chest.B.To hospitalize him.C.To perform a minor surgery.D.To transfer him to a specialist.【答案】C【解析】W: What happened?M: I was in a fight and got my head hurt.W: Were you knocked out?M: No.W: I want you to go for an X-ray. And come back to me. Youll need some stitches for that wound.Q: What is the doctor going to do for the man?【解析】细节题。医生告诉男士先去做X光，回来后伤口需要缝针。