2022年考博英语-中国人民大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题British Prime Minister Tony Blair promised the electorate that guns would not be fired without an attempt to win a further U. N. sanction.问题1选项A.alliesB.delegatesC.votersD.juries【答案】C【解析】名词词义辨析。electorate的前缀为elect-（选-），可以推测出electorate意为“选民”，所以选项C正确。2. 单选题When the air in a certain space is squeezed to occupy a smaller space, the air is said to be（ ） .问题1选项A.commencedB.compressedC.compromisedD.compensated【答案】B【解析】commenced开始；compressed压缩；compromised妥协；compensated补偿。句意：当某一空间的空气被挤压以占据更小的空间时，我们说空气被压缩了。选项B符合句意。3. 单选题To ensure its sustained progress in economy, the government has （ ） a series of policies.问题1选项A.reservedB.issuedC.deliveredD.expressed【答案】B【解析】动词词义辨析。句意：为确保经济的持续发展，政府出台了一系列政策。选项B符合句意。4. 单选题问题1选项A.sent upB.sent offC.sent outD.sent in【答案】D【解析】动词词组辨析。send up使上升；send off寄出，派遣；send out发送；send in递送，呈报。根据句意可知，这里指“递交辞呈”，所以选项D符合句意。5. 单选题In many countries tobacco and medicine are government （ ）.问题1选项A.controlB.monopolyC.businessD.belongings【答案】B【解析】名词词义辨析。根据句意可知，这里指政府垄断，选项B符合语境。6. 单选题How can you （ ） and watch the country go to ruin?问题1选项A.stand byB.stand forC.stand upD.stand up for【答案】A【解析】动词词组辨析。stand by袖手旁观，站在旁边；stand for代表，象征；stand up站起来，坚持；stand up for支持，拥护。句意：你怎么能袖手旁观，看着这个国家走向毁灭呢?选项A符合句意。7. 单选题It is not unusual for chief executives to collect millions of dollars a year in pay, stock options, and bonuses. In the last fifteen years, while executive remuneration rose, taxes in the highest income bracket went down. Millionaires are now commonplace.Amiability is not a prerequisite for rising to the top, and there are a number of chief executive officers with legendary bad tempers. It is not the bosss job to worry about the well-being of his subordinates although the man with many enemies will be swept out more quickly in hard times; it is the company he worries about. His business savvy is supposed to be based on intimate knowledge of his company and the industry, so he goes home nightly with a full briefcase. At the very topand on the way upexecutives are exceedingly dedicated.The American executive must be capable of enough small talk to get him through the social part of his schedule, but he is probably not a highly cultured individual or an intellectual. Although his wife may be on the board of the symphony or opera, he himself has little time for such pursuits. His reading may largely concern business and management, despite interests in other fields. Golf provides him with a sportive outlet that combines with some useful socializing.These days, he probably attempts some form of aerobic exercise to “keep the old heart in shape” and for the same reason goes easy on butter and alcohol, and substances thought to contribute to taking highly stressed executives out of the running. But his doctors admonition to “take it easy” falls on deaf ears. He likes to work. He knows there are younger men nipping at his heels.Corporate head-hunting, carried on by “executive search firms”, is a growing industry. America has great faith in individual talent, and dynamic and aggressive executives are so in demand that companies regularly raid each others managerial ranks.1.We can infer from the second paragraph that（ ）. 2.The term “aerobic exercise” (first line in second last paragraph) is a kind of（ ）. 3.From the last paragraph we can gather that （ ）.4.For executives, according to the article, a golf course is a place where （ ） .5.What is NOT true according to the article?问题1选项A.promotion depends on amiabilityB.chief executives do not work hard enough at the top levelC.it is the duty of the chief executive to look after the well-being of his subordinatesD.a chief executive is expected to know more about his company and the industry问题2选项A.hallucination exerciseB.physical exerciseC.meditation exerciseD.entertainment问题3选项A.there are too many aggressive executivesB.individual talent is not essential for a companyC.the job of an “executive search firm” is corporate head-huntingD.it is not common for companies to undermine each others managerial ranks问题4选项A.they can conduct their businessB.they can indulge themselvesC.they can cultivate their mindD.they can exercise as well as socialize问题5选项A.Executives tend to ignore doctors advice and warnings.B.Executives are sensitive to pressure from the younger generation.C.All chief executives can earn millions of dollars a year.D.Executives are careful of what they eat.【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:C第4题:D第5题:C【解析】1.细节推理题。根据第二段的内容可知，选项A, B, C均表述错误；只有选项D符合原文。2.语义辨析题。根据原文句意可知，这种运动能够“保持心脏健康”，由此可推测这是一种身体的锻炼，选项中只有选项B正确。3.细节判断题。根据最后一段首句“Corporate hea