时间就是金钱，效率就是生命！Fifth EditionFIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATIONSJoseph C. PalaisProfessor of Electrical EngineeringArizona State UniversityPRENTICE HALL INTERNATIONAL, Inc.Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataPalais, Joseph, C. Fiber Optic Communication 5th Ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. PHIPE ISBN: 0-13-919895-4CIP Data availableAcquisition Editor: ALICE DWORKINProduction editor: EDWARD DEFELIPPISEditor-in-chief: MARCIA HORTONManaging editor: BAYANI MENDOZA DE LEONAssistant Vice President of Production and Manufacturing: DAVID W. RICCARDICover director: JAYNE CONTECover designer: BRUCE KENSELAARCopy editor: BOB LENTZManufacturing buyer: JULIA MEEHANEditorial Assistant: NANCY GARCIA Dedicated to my wife Sandra, my children Michael and Barbara, and my grandchildren Joshua and Logan2004, 1998, 1992, 1988, 1984, by Prentice-Hall, Inc. Simon & Schuster / A Viacom Company Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458All rights reserved. No part of this book may bereproduced, in any form or by any means,without permission in writing from the publisher.The author and publisher of this book have used their best efforts in preparing this book. These efforts include thedevelopment, research, and testing of the theories and programs to determine their effectiveness. The author andpublisher make no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, with regard to these programs or the documentationcontained in this book. The author and publisher shall not be liable in any event for incidental or consequential damages in connection with, or arising out of, the furnishing, performance, or use of these programs. Printed in the United States of America10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1ISBN: 0-13-895442-9Prentice-Hall International (UK) Limited, LondonPrentice-Hall of Australia Pty. Limited, SydneyPrentice-Hall Canada Inc., TorontoPrentice-Hall Hispanoamericana, S.A., MexicoPrentice-Hall of India Private Limited, New DelhiPrentice-Hall of Japan, Inc., TokyoSimon & Schuster Asia Pte. Ltd., SingaporeEditora Prentice-Hall do Brasil, Ltda., Rio de JaneiroContentsPREFACEXI1FIBEROPTIC COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS11-1Historical Perspective,11-2The Basic Communications Systems,1-3Nature of Light,1-4Advantages of Fibers,1-5Applications of Fiber Optic Communications, 1-6Summary and Discussion,Problems,References,2OPTICSREVIEWXX2-1Ray Theory and Applications,XX2-2Lenses,XX2-3Imaging,XX2-4Numerical Aperture,XX2-5Diffraction,XX2-6Summary and Discussion,XXProblems,XXReferences,XX3LIGHTWAVE FUNDAMENTALSXX3-1Electromagnetic Waves,XX3-2Dispersion, Pulse Distortion, and Information Rate,XX3-3Polarization,XX3-4Resonant Cavities,XX3-5Reflection at a Plane Boundary,XX3-6Critical-Angle Reflections,XX3-7Summary,XXProblems,XXReferences,XX4INTEGRATEDOPTICWAVEGUIDESXX4-1Dielectric Slab Waveguide,XX4-2Modes in the Symmetric Slab Waveguide,XX4-3Modes in the Asymmetric Slab Waveguide,XX4-4Coupling to the Waveguide,XX4-5Dispersion and Distortion in the Slab Waveguide,XX4-6Integrated Optic Components,XX4-7Summary and Discussion,XXProblems,XXReferences,XX5OPTICFIBERWAVEGUIDESXX5-1Step-Index Fiber,XX5-2Graded-Index Fiber,XX5-3Attenuation,XX5-4Modes and Fields in Step-Index Fibers,XX5-5Modes and Fields in Graded-Index Fibers,XX5-6Pulse Distortion and Information Rate in Optic Fibers,XX5-7Construction of Optic Fibers,XX5-8Optic Fiber Cables,XX5-9Summary and Discussion,XXProblems,XXReferences,XX6OPTICALSOURCES AND AMPLIFIERSXX6-1Light-Emitting Diodes,XX6-2Light-Emitting-Diode Operating Characteristics,XX6-3Laser Principles,XX6-4Laser Diodes,XX6-5Laser-Diode Operating Characteristics,XX6-6Narrow Spectral Width and Tunable Laser Diodes,XX6-7Optical Amplifiers,XX6-8Fiber Lasers,XX6-9Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser Diodes,XX6-10Summary and Discussion,XXProblems,XXReferences,XX7LIGHTDETECTORSXX7-1Principles of Photodetection,XX7-2Photomultiplier,XX7-3Semiconductor Photodiode,XX7-4PIN Photodiode,XX7-5Avalanche Photodiode,XX7-6Summary and Discussion,XXProblems,XXReferences,XX8COUPLERSAND CONNECTORSXX8-1Connector Principles,XX8-2Fiber End Preparation,XX8-3Splices,XX8-4Connectors,XX8-5Source Coupling,XX8-6Summary and Discussion, XXProblems,XXReferences,XX9DISTRIBUTIONNETWORKS ANDFIBERCOMPONENTSXX9-1Distribution Networks,XX9-2Directional Couplers,XX9-3Star Couplers,XX9-4Switches,XX9-5Fiber Optical Isolator,XX9-6Wav