主旨大意题专练(一)文章大意类A2019湖南省师大附中高三检测 Almost every day we come across situations where we have to make decisions one way or another. Choice, we are given to believe, is a right. But for a good many people in the world, in rich and poor countries, choice is a luxury, something wonderful but hard to get, not a right. And for those who think they are exercising their rights to make choices, the whole system is merely an illusion (幻觉), a false idea created by companies and advertisers, hoping to sell their products. The endless choice gives birth to anxiety in peoples lives. Buying something as basic as a coffee pot is not exactly simple. Easy access to a wide range of everyday goods leads to a sense of powerlessness in many people, ending in the shoppers giving up and walking away, or just buying an unsuitable item that is not really wanted. Recent studies have shown that many electrical goods bought in almost every family are not really needed. More difficult decisionmaking is then either avoided or trusted to the hands of the professionals, lifestyle instructors, or advisors. It is not just the availability of the goods that is the problem, but the speed with which new types of products come on the market. Advances in design and production help quicken the process. Products also need to have a short lifespan so that the public can be persuaded to replace them within a short time. The typical example is computers, which are almost outofdate once they are bought. This indeed makes selection a problem. Gone are the days when one could just walk with ease into a shop and buy one thing; no choice, no anxiety.体裁：议论文题材：介绍说明主题：选择并非一种权利【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，当今社会，很多人误以为选择是自己拥有的一项权利。其实，在很多情况下，那只是一种幻觉，不过是被一些公司或广告商为了出售他们的产品而营造的一种错误想法。【难句分析】And for those who think they are exercising their rights to make choices, the whole system is merely an illusion, a false idea created by companies and advertisers, hoping to sell their products.分析：本句是一个复合句，for those who think they are exercising their rights to make choices 是介词短语在句子中作状语，其中who think they are exercising their rights to make choices是定语从句，修饰前面的those；主句部分为the whole system is merely an illusion, 句型为：主语系动词表语；a false idea created by companies and advertisers. products为同位语，其中created by companies and advertisers为后置定语，hoping to sell their products 为伴随状语。译文：对那些认为在行使他们的权利作出选择的人来说，这一整个制度不过是一个幻觉，它是由一些公司和广告商希望出售他们的产品而营造出来的错误想法。1What does the author try to argue in the first paragraph?AThe practice of choice is difficult.BChoice is a born right.CIts easy to make choices.DCompanies offer good shopping choice.答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“But for a good many people in the world, in rich and poor countries, choice is a luxury, something wonderful but hard to get, not a right.”可知，作者认为对世界上的很多人来说，选择并非是一种权利，无论是在贫穷的国家还是在富有的国家中，选择对他们来说其实是一种奢侈品，很美好但很难得到。也就是说选择是很难做到的，故选A项。2Which of the following is most likely to cause anxiety?AEasy access to everyday goods.BToo many choices.CMisleading advertisements.DProfessional shopping advice.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The endless choice gives birth to anxiety in peoples lives.”可知，无休止的选择催生出人们生活中的焦虑，即人们焦虑是因为选择太多而导致的，故选B项。3The example of computers is used to prove that _.Aupdated products flood the marketBhightech products are of poor qualityCeveryday goods need to be replacedDadvanced products are in demand答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Advances in design and production help quicken the process. Products also need to have a short lifespan so that the public can be persuaded to replace them within a short time. The typical example is computers, which are almost outofdate once they are bought.”可知，产品的设计和生产方面的进步加速了(产品)被推向市场的进程，产品也需要缩短使用期，电脑便是其中的一个例子。由此可以推断，作者以电脑为例，证明市场上充斥着更新的产品，故选A项。4What is this passage mainly about?AThe opinions on peoples right.BThe problems of the availability of daily goods.CThe helplessness in purchasing decisions.DThe variety of choices in modern society.答案与解析：C考查主旨大意。纵观全文，尤其是文章最后一句“Gone are the days when one could just walk with ease into a shop and buy one thing; no choice, no anxiety.”可知，本文主要讲述了人们在购物时因为选择太多而无法简单选择的现状，故选C项。B2019郑州高三第一次质量预测 Are you a procrastinator (拖延者)? Its a common problem. And it can be harmful, as previous research has shown that people who procrastinate have higher levels of stress and lower wellbeing, reported the Association for Psychological Science in the US. But a new study has found a way to deal with this problem: Be more connected to your future self. Psychologists think that each person believes that they are really two people ：“Present Me” and “Future Me”. “People act as if they prefer their current selves needs and desires to those of their future selves，” wrote psychologists Neil Lewis and Daphna Oyserman. Oyserman and Lewis decided to try to find a way to make “Present Me” imagine exactly how “Future Me” would feel the night before a big paper was due, though “Present Me” ha