2022年考博英语-南京艺术学院考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题Our heritage and our culture have caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving goodbye is the way to summon a Filipino to ones side, or that in Italy curling the finger in a beckoning motion is a gesture of farewell.Those Private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after W.W. II and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that GIFT means poison in German. Moreover, we like to think ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arms length away from others. Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable.Our linguistic and cultural nearsightedness and the casualness with which we take noticewhen we do-of the developed tastes, mannerisms, customs and languages of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world.Even here in the U.S, we make few concessions to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingual guide tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations and multilingual bank clerks and policemen are rare.When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels where English is spoken. The attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those natives, usually the more affluentwho speak English. Our business, as well as the nations diplomacy, dealings are conducted through interpreters.For many years, America and Americans could get by with cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance. After all, America was the most powerful country of the world, the dispenser of the needed funds and commodities, the peacemaker, the “top banana” in the global cast. But all that is past. We are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing.1.When the author uses “nearsightedness”，he is talking（ ）.2.The passage informs us that ?3.We can infer from the passage that（ ）.4.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the author?5.The author is most probably（ ）by nationality.问题1选项A.metaphoricallyB.ironicallyC.humorouslyD.sarcastically问题2选项A.Americans do not understand their own heritage and culture wellB.the author does not mind Americans, cultural blindnessC.Americans pay little attention to foreign customs and languagesD.America has no problems in the world because its the most powerful country问题3选项A.America is becoming a warlike countryB.the American role in the world is no longer properC.America will become the most powerful again if it starts to learn foreign customsD.America shouldnt remain blind and ignorant with respect to other nations cultures问题4选项A.Some American citizens sent poisons as gifts to Germany after W.W.II.B.A Filipino will probably approach an American who waves bye-bye.C.It may be unfriendly to Latins to keep more than 3 feet away from them.D.Italians use the finger motions to express bye-bye.问题5选项A.an ItalianB.an AmericanC.a FilipinoD.a German【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:D第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.推理判断题。题目问的是“作者使用目光短浅时，她正在说”。文章第三段提到“我们在语言和文化上的近视眼以及不注意去留意他国的爱好，习惯，习俗和语言正让我们在世界上失去朋友，业务及尊重”（Our linguistic and cultural nearsightedness and the casualness with which we take noticewhen we do-of the developed tastes, mannerisms, customs and languages of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world），选项A“比喻地”符合题意。2.推理判断题。题目问的是“文章告诉我们”。文章第三段提到“我们在语言和文化上的近视眼以及不注意去留意他国的爱好，习惯，习俗和语言正让我们在世界上失去朋友，业务及尊重”（Our linguistic and cultural nearsightedness and the casualness with which we take noticewhen we do-of the developed tastes, mannerisms, customs and languages of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world），说明美国人不注重别国的习俗，选项C符合题意。3.推理判断题。题目问的是“我们能从文章中得出”文章最后一段提到过去美国人习惯忽视他国的语言和文化，因为那个时候美国很强大。但是已经是过去时了，我们应该意识到我们在世界上的独特作用正在改变（But all that is past. We are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing），说明现在美国不应该像以前那样忽视他国的语言和文化，选项D“美国人不应该忽视他国的文化”符合题意。4.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据作者的描述，下列哪项陈述是不真实的”。文章第二段提到“给二战后占领德国的美国军队寄送包裹的美国人为了避税而在包裹上标示GIFT”，而不愿麻烦去发现GIFT在德语中是“毒药”的意思（Those Private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after W.W. II and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that GIFT means poison in German），由此可知选项A的描述是不真实的，是美国人为了避税错把GIFT（毒药）当GIFT（礼物），符合题意。5.推理判断题。题目问的是“作者可能是哪个国家的人”。文章使用的是第一人称，文章多次用“our heritage and our culture”或者 “we are slowly beginning to realize”可以推测作者最有可能是美国人。选项B符合题意。2. 单选题Massive changes in all of the worlds deeply cherished spoiling habits are under way. Whether its one of Londons parks full of people playing softball, and Russians taking up rugby, or the S