2022年高二英语下学期尖子生竞赛考试试题说明：1.本试卷分卷、卷两部分，满分：150分；考试时间：100分钟。 2.客观题答案涂在答题纸上，主观题答在答题纸的相应位置上。 第I卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table. I couldnt help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked,“So, how have you been?”And the boy who could not have been more than seven or eight years old replied,“Frankly, Ive been feeling a little depressed lately.” This incident stuck in my mind because it strengthened my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didnt find out we were“depressed”until we were in high school. The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. Children dont seem childlike any more. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to. Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists. Why? Human development is based not only on born biological states, but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. Movement from one social role to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new situation. Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages: traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders. In the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation machine has been fixed in 98 percent of American homes. It is called television. Television passes information, indiscriminately, to all viewers alike, whether they are children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more vivid moving pictures. munication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access. Reading and writing involve a plex code of symbols that must be memorized and practised. Children must read simple books before they can read plex materials. 21. Traditionally, a child is supposed to learn about the adult world _ .A. through touch with society B. gradually and under guidanceC. naturally and by biological instinct D. through exposure to social information 22. In the authors opinion, the phenomenon that todays children seem adultlike is caused by _. A. the widespread influence of television B. the poor arrangement of teaching contentC. the fast step of human intellectual development D. the constantly rising standard of living 23. Why is the author in favor of munication through print for children?A. It enables children to gain more social information.B. It develops childrens interest in reading and writing. C. It helps children to memorize and practise more. D. It can control what children are to learn. 24. What does the author think of the change in todays children? A. He feels amused by the childrens adultlike behavior. B. He thinks it is a phenomenon worthy of note. C. He considers it a positive development. D. He seems to be upset about it. BSome people in Manchester, Britain, will soon be paying for goods and services with so-called “smart” credit cards. These cards are more secure than the traditional magnetic-strip version and can be used to travel on buses, check bank accounts and do shopping. The Manchester project is one of the biggest smart card schemes in the world. Every time people use the cards on a bus or train, the fare is deducted (reduced) from the value of the card. When they have no credit left, the cards can be recharged at a local shop. Information is transferred by running the card through a narrow opening in an electronic reader. In the slot, electronic probes make contact with the magnetic-strip or silicon ship and read the information. The other type is the contactless smart card where the electronic reader municates with the card by short-range radio waves. This makes the card quicker and more convenient to use because it does not have to leave your wallet. It is also more reliable as it is not easily influenced by scratches or dirt. However, the biggest advantage that smart cards have over magnetic-strip cards is that they are more secure. They are much more difficult to make than conventional cards and they have to be made by specially trained manufacturers. In addition, they have a large number of extra security features on them and if a smart card gets lost or stolen a quick phone-call to the distributor ensures that its individual number is made invalid and unreadable. This can be done more