1. 书信结构英语书信结构一般有以下几个部分组成：1）信封（envelope ）。英语的信封和中文的一样，有三部分组成，即发信人地址、收信人地址和邮票。只不过英语信封的格式除了邮票所贴的位置（信封的右上角）和中文的一样外，英语信封上要写的发信人和收信人的地址和中文的大不一样。发信人的地址应写在信封的左上角，收信人的地址应写在信封偏中右偏下处，如下：Liu Yan-huiRoom 302, Nc. 4也Ro WShanghai, 20040F. RstampPrE Johxi Hill607 Nor th Willing on AveniiiWest Plm BacK Fl on da 33404U. S. A2）信头（heading），即写发信人的地址和日期（右上角）。3） 信内姓名地址（inside address），即写收信人的姓名和地址（左上角）。4） 称呼（salutation），即写对收信人的尊称（一般用Dear Mr. ，；Dear Madam Helen,; Dear Miss,;Dear John,; Dear ProfessorSmith,等）。称呼直接写在收信人地址的正下方，中间空一至二行。称呼后面的标点一般只能用逗号。以上信头、信内姓名和地址三部分的结构如下：Liu Tan-huaRgm 302,4也 Taiun OH)Shughai 200Q40P. B. China22, 200ZFrof John Hill GOTNorth Willington AvenueWest Falm Beachj Fiori da 33404U S.扎DearHill*5) 正文(body),即信件内的主要内容。正文第一句句子一般和称呼之间空一至二行。6) 信尾客套语 (complimentary close) ，即写信人在信的右(或左)下角，写上表示自己对收信人一种礼貌客气的谦称。一般有 Sincerely,; Sincerely yours,; Yours sincerely,; Friendlyyours,; Truly yours,; Yours truly,; Cordially yours,; Yours cordially,等。7) 信尾签名(signature)，即亲笔签上写信人自己的姓名。如果是用打字机或电脑写的信，在写信人签名的上方，同样应该打上写信人的姓名。除以上七个部分外，有时一些英语书信还包括：(1)附件(Enclosure)，以Enc.表示，如附有。证明应写为EncCertificate ；(2)再启(Postscript)，以P.S.表示；(3)抄送件(Carbon Copy to)，以c.c.表示，说明一式多份抄送其他有关人员。这些都是次要的补充部分。P.S.主要在私人信件中使用，事务信件中应避免使用，以免造成写信人粗心大意的印象。Enc.和c.c.大都用在商贸信函中。2. 书写款式英语书信的款式一般有两种：齐头式(Block Style)和折衷式(Semi-Block Style)。齐头式常常在商贸、官方以及一些正式的信件中使用，以显示信件内容的严肃性，真实性，可靠性。而折衷式则显的比较随便，主要用于家人、朋友、私人之间来往的信件。如果两人之间不是第一次通信，相互比较了解，可以省略信内的双方地址。以下分别介绍齐头式和折衷式信件两种款式。A:齐头式信件款式：(范文1。)Liu PingEwe 406lei jiiig Vhi ver si tyBaijiU 100871F R. ChinaJuly 10, 2002DirectorDept, of Geology匚olumbi a Um 74r sityNew York, NY, 10028U. S. ADer Professor Sullivan,This 1s a r equst far gdmittance to your University as a vi siting scholar. I hope it will b# poTsible for m& to tak& some courses iid also do some research work in your depar 七mwii 七. Our Government will provi de mg with all traveling andexpenses.Erbdased pl ease find, my appli cation and thr te letters of recommend.it 1 on; which T hop t you will find sati sfactory. Thank you for your kind cciiLt derati on. 工 m lckin for war i to your srlist reply.SiiLcarely yoursLin Fin名注：用齐头式信件写信，其正文与称呼之间空一至二行。每段的第一句句子不需要空格，但段与段之间需要空一至二行。齐头式信件的信尾客套话和签名可以有两种款式。第一种写在左下方，这是最常用也是最正式的 另外也可以写在右下方，这种形式则表示写信人与收信人之间的关系比较熟悉随便。下面是另一种齐头式信件的格式。齐头式信件款式：（范文2。）22p 2002I irrivftd At Shanghai yesterday afterrbooTi. My wife and my daughter met me at tFe airport. They were vary much glad that I c*ul4 came hack just Wafers Chr i Etms axid the naw year! 5 day. On our way home I told them a lot about my stay in AjreriC4f until now they are alzays encouraging me to tell them seme interesting incidents and exciting experiences that I encountered in th State You know they have 界ewgy been abroad, and therefore everything may strvige to them, It is ev$n eKincredible for them to lniow that every iiy wt took half an hoir drivt &r our lunch which is quite natural fcr srdinfiry people.My fe and daughter wmt me to thukk daughter 1V4S th toy dog very much ie sleepiti备 My wife lcvs the purss.you 珈 your gifts to them. Myand zhe always holds it evtn when sheSh电 faelz 20 proud of owning it,speaks so highly cf iIs quiLity that sheit to ill her &i就dw.Anyway IT m much obliged ta you for your Kospi tali ty during my st7 therE and to your wifej Catherine espftci ally. She is really a ni ce young l&dy who 1 s kindj frank and geniroii. With Ker uidan and. instriact cxitj I ColL di t 5om places that I had been langing for, find seme important (iiatris and lara omethins in deti 1 baut Amrican cultura. Meanwhile I would thazik your colleagues for their tr&nendaus hwlp without whirh it would hwm btn impose i bl for me to cope wj th everything.I v on t come ta my office until January 6. Ne will, inform you our dci si on about the contract as eooti as posibl.Fl总:kse r&m*mb*r in to your vi * ani two diTightsrs.Sine er ely yourZhou Y an-wenB：折衷式信件款式：用折衷式书写信件，其正文与称呼之间空一至二行。第一段第一句的第一个单词必须在Dear称呼的直接下面。 以后每段开头都要与第一段第一个字对齐。信尾的客套话和签名都写在右下方。朋友之间写信一般都使用折衷式，而且称呼与正文之间一般不空行。具体款式和要求参见后面的一些信件。以下是一封折衷式信件。Li KisugCcrmerci si and Trade U1TSOS Park MotelNo, IS Haijing Rgd 00Shanghai 2OQQ1F R. ChinaMy 20, 2002Mr. Smith HeidcelMeager of Import DivisicnVi ctor i a Industries Co.FlminglQii 3032VIC# AustraliaEar Hr, IfenkalW电 acknowledgi the receipt cf your letter and its enclosure of FebruaryID about the supply of washing m&chin&s.We regret tht 11 is difficult for he to cqileldr the purchase as cur company does not need the item for the time bem. Me hwe recorded your qnotati on of our further us = .Thank you for your kind attention tc thi s reply.Ycurs E&i tkfully,Li Kiaiig3. 信件书写要求：写英语信件一般可以使用打字机、电脑，朋友之间比较随便的信件也可以用钢笔、圆珠笔甚至彩色笔，但不宜用铅笔。不管你用什么形 式书写，一些重要的信件，签名处必须用深蓝色或黑色墨水笔签名。（二）各类常用信件1）感谢信October 5 2002 D电ar Mik%Yo