2022年考博英语-中共中央党校考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题That the material in the ads may not be pertinent to the real issues the candidate will be addressing once in office or what they might do on the real issues they might face is （ ）.问题1选项A.at all pointsB.beside the pointC.up to a pointD.to the point【答案】B【解析】固定搭配。at all points “在各方面”；beside the point “不中肯， 离题”；up to a point “在一定程度上”；to the point “中肯”。句意：广告中的内容可能与候选人在正式会议上要讨论的真正问题无关，或者与在他们可能面临的真正问题所处理的事情也不相关。选项B符合题意。2. 单选题Moscow seems to be moving past its old fear of an expanded NATO. Though Russia does not want to join NATO Putin and other politicians have made it clear that they consider Russia capable of ensuring its own security - it is placing a new （ ）on fostering tie with its NATO neighbors.问题1选项A.premiumB.preludeC.preponderanceD.preamble【答案】A【解析】形近异义词辨析。premium “额外费用”；prelude “前奏，序幕”；preponderance “优势，多数”；preamble “序文，先兆”。又根据固定搭配place a new premium on “鼓励，重视”，句意：普京和其他政客已经明确表示，他们认为俄罗斯有能力确保自己的安全-俄罗斯注重加强与北约邻国的关系。选项A符合题意。3. 单选题When the Bastille fell in 1789, many observers concluded that France had joined the United States in the attempt to become an enlightened republic. Ever since, eyewitnesses and then historianshave sought to explain the complex connections between these revolutions. Scholarship falls into two general camps: authors who compare the revolutions trajectories and achievements; and those who are interested in impact, how each country influenced the other. Both approaches are central to narratives of the early United States, affecting interpretations of nationalism, political life, and the economy, among other issues. For all that we know about these sister republics, Philipp Ziesches Cosmopolitan Patriots and Doina Pasca Harsanyis Lessons from America remind us how much remains underexplored. These works shed new light on the relationship between France and the United States in the 1790s, and they do so through the purview of migrants. Ziesche focuses on elite Americans who were drawn to Paris for ideological and economic reasons, while Harsanyi considers French nobles who found themselves on the wrong side of revolution and ended up in temporary exile in Philadelphia. For both historians, these emigrants offer an advantageous perspective because of their dislocation. Although the motivation for each groups move differed (one was voluntarily, the other not), marginality in their host nations led them to reflect, with keen insight, on what the United States could learn from France and vice versa. Their experiences, the authors argue, show us how some influential men made sense of the reverberations of revolutions. Philipp Ziesches Americans in Paris are familiar faces, including Thomas Jefferson, Gouverneur Morris, Thomas Paine, Joel Barlow, and James Monroe. For Ziesches purposes, whats most important about these “patriots” is their cosmopolitanismtheir belief that all men were fellow citizens of the world, united by a common set of values that elided national, religious, linguistic, and other differences. This notion encouraged them to travel to Paris in the 1790s, thinking that they, armed with republican know-how, could be useful to their French counterparts in the translation of universal ideals into practice. But the project of creating republican nations was, to a certain extent, at odds with cosmopolitanism, since nations, it was believed, reflected the mores and manners unique to a population and place. Ziesche points out, however, that individual national projects always looked elsewhere for instruction, and they derived legitimacy, in part, from official recognition by other nations. Universalism was an inescapable component of nationalism. The cosmopolitan patriots were well aware of the tension between the particular and the universal in the making of republican nations, and their wrestling with this dynamic in the French context influenced their vision for the United States. Each chapter explores an aspect of this problem through one or more individuals, all the while progressing chronologically through the decade. Ziesche begins with Thomas Jefferson and Gouverneur Morris and their impressions of the new French constitution of 1789, and he then considers the divergent stances of William Short and Jefferson on the Jacobins and revolutionary violence. 1.What makes scholarship fall into the two camps according to the passage?2.What is the common ground between the two historians of Philipp Ziesche and Doina Pasca Harsanyi?3.The word “elided” in Paragraph 3 refers to （ ）.4.Who are those “cosmopolitan patriots” according to the passage?5.Which of the following statements can be added to the passage?问题1选项A.Who those cosmopolitan patriots are.B.What those cosmopolitan patriots did to the new republics.C.The relationship between American Revolution and French Revolution in the eighteenth