2022年考博英语-四川师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Doctors must inform _ parents about the low odds of success in fertility treatments.问题1选项A.protectiveB.respectiveC.prospectiveD.perspective【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项protective“防护的；关切保护的；保护贸易的”；B选项respective“分别的，各自的”；C选项prospective“未来的；预期的”；D选项perspective“透视的”。句意：医生必须告知准父母生育治疗成功的几率很低。因此C选项正确。2. 单选题Food is to the blood _ reading is to the mind.问题1选项A.thatB.whichC.whatD.so【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。本题考查的句型是：A is to B what C is to D = A is to B just as C is to D。意为“A对于B正如C对于D一样”，如：People is to the army what water is to fish句意：食物之于血液，犹如读书之于心灵。因此C选项正确。3. 单选题Cooked vegetables are also valuable sources of certain vitamins and minerals, if the juice is eaten and if not cooked _.问题1选项A.too long a timeB.a long time tooC.much time longD.long much time【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。根据句义，选项中的time 指“一段时间”，是个可数名词，前面应当用不定冠词a，故排除掉C选项和D选项。副词too修饰形容词的时候，意思是“太”；放在句子最后修饰整个句子时，表示“也”。句意：如果汁液能被吃掉并且没有煮太长时间的话，煮熟的蔬菜也是某些维生素和矿物质的宝贵来源。所以，A选项和B选项相比，A选项“一段太长的时间”更符合句意。因此A选项正确。4. 单选题The health-care economy is replete with unusual and even unique economic relationships. One of the least understood involves the peculiar roles of producer or “provider” and purchaser or “consumer” in the typical doctorpatient relationship. In most sectors of the economy, it is the seller who attempts to attract a potential buyer with various inducements of price, quality, and utility, and it is the buyer who makes the decision. Where circumstances permit the buyer no choice because there is effectively only one seller and the product is relatively essential, government usually asserts monopoly and places the industry under price and other regulations. Neither of these conditions prevails in most of the health-care industry.In the health-care industry, the doctor-patient relationship is the mirror image of the ordinary relationship between producer and consumer. Once an individual has chosen to see a physicianand even then there may be no real choiceit is the physician who usually makes all significant purchasing decisions: whether the patient should return “next Wednesday”, whether X-rays are needed, whether drugs should be prescribed, etc. It is a rare and sophisticated patient who will challenge such professional decisions or raise in advance questions about price, especially when the disease is regarded as serious.This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care. The physician must certify the need for hospitalization, determine what procedures will be performed, and announce when the patient may be discharged. The patient may be consulted about some of these decisions, but in the main it is the doctors judgments that are final. Little wonder then that in the eye of the hospital it is the physician who is the real “consumer.” As a consequence, the medical staff represents the “power center” in hospital policy and decision-making, not the administration.Although usually there are in this situation four identifiable participants: the physician, the hospital, the patient, and the payer (generally an insurance carrier or government)the physician makes the essential decisions for all of them. The hospital becomes an extension of the physician; the payer generally meets most of the bills generated by the physician/hospital, and for the most part the patient plays a passive role. In routine or minor illnesses, or just plain worries, the patients options are, of course, much greater with respect to use and price. In illnesses that are of some significance, however, such choices tend to evaporate, and it is for illnesses that the bulk of the health-care dollar is spent. We estimate that about 75-80 percent of health-care expenditures are determined by physicians, not patients.1. The authors primary purpose is to _.2. It can be inferred that doctors are able to determine hospital policies because _.3. According to the author, when a doctor tells a patient to “return next Wednesday” (para. 2), the doctor is in effect _.4. The author is most probably leading up to _.5. It is the physician who is the real “consumer” (Para. 3) means that the physician is the party that _.问题1选项A.speculate about the relationship between a patients ability to pay and the treatment receivedB.criticize doctors for exercising too much control over patientsC.analyze some important economic factors in health careD.urge hospitals to reclaim their decision-making authority问题2选项A.it is doctors who generate income for the hospitalB.most of the patients bills are paid by his health insuranceC.hospital administrators lack the expertise to question medical decisionsD.a doctor is ultimately responsible for a patients health问题3选项A.taking advantage of the patients concern for his healthB.instructing the patient to buy more medi