2022年考博英语-湖南师范大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题She（ ）a large sum to the college endowment fund.问题1选项A.submittedB.donatedC.appliedD.granted【答案】B【解析】submit提交；donate捐赠；apply应用，申请；grant授权。根据“endowment fund”可知这里是捐赠了一大笔钱，所以选项B正确。2. 翻译题In economics the most fundamental of these central problems is the theory of value. The theory of value must explain how the comparative values of different goods and services are established. Until that problem is solved, it is not possible to analyses for scientific purposes what will be produced and in what quantities, how the resources will be employed in producing the menu of outputs, and how the resources will be valued. Without a theory of value the economists can have no theory of international trade or possibly a theory of money. This central problem of value does not change in its essential concern if one seeks to explain values in rural or urban societies, or in agricultural or industrial societies.【答案】在经济学中，这些核心问题的最基本部分是价值理论。价值理论必须解释出不同商品和服务的比较值是怎样生成的。只有这个问题解决了才有可能从科学的目的去分析生产什么产品、生产数量和生产项目单上的这些产品需要雇用多少劳力，以及怎样利用以实现这些劳力的最大价值。没有价值论，经济学家就不会知道国际贸易理论，可能也不会知道货币理论。如果人们试图从农村城市社会或是农业工业社会去解释价值，则基本上价值的核心问题不会改变。3. 单选题A violent thunderstorm was（ ）as dark clouds were collecting overhead.问题1选项A.eminentB.imminentC.instantaneousD.simultaneous【答案】B【解析】eminent杰出的；imminent即将来临的；instantaneous即时的；simultaneous同时的。句意：当乌云在头顶聚集时, 一场暴风雨即将到来。选项B符合句意。4. 单选题He wants to follow in his fathers footsteps to be a teacher because he regards teaching as an honorable （ ）.问题1选项A.callingB.taskC.employmentD.duty【答案】B【解析】句意：他想追随他父亲的脚步成为一名教师, 因为他认为教学是一项光荣的任务。选项A和C表示职务, 教学不是职务, 所以不正确；选项B更符合语境。5. 单选题Why are mobiles so popular? Because people love to talk to each other. And it is easier with a mobile phone. In countries like Russia and China, people use tile mobile phone in places where there is no ordinary telephone. Business people, use mobiles when theyre traveling. In some countries, like Japan, many people use their mobile phones to send e-mail message and access the Internet. They use a new kind of mobile phone called “i-mode”. You can even use a mobile phone to listen to music.Mobile phones are very fashionable with teenagers. Parents buy mobile phones for their children. They can call borne home if they are in trouble and need help. So they feel safer. But teenagers mostly use them to keep in touch with their friends or play simple computer games. Its cool to be the owner of a small expensive mobile. Research shows that teenage owners of mobile phones smoke less. Parents and schools are happy that teenagers are safer and smoke less.But many people dislike them. They hate it when the businessman opposite them on the train has a loud conversation on his phone. Or when the mobile phone rings in a cafe or restaurant. But there is a much more serious problem. Its possible that the mobile phone can heat up the brain because we hold the phone so close to our head. Scientists fear that mobiles can perhaps be bad for your memory and even give you cancer.1. Mobiles are popular among people because _.2. It is stated in the passage that in Russia and China _.3. Parents buy mobile phones for their children because _.4. Why can mobile phones be a much more serious problem?5. Which of the following can be the titletile of this passage?问题1选项A.they think mobiles are funB.they believe mobiles are safeC.they love to listen to musicD.they feel it easier to talk to each other问题2选项A.ordinary telephone service is available everywhereB.people prefer mobile phones to ordinary telephonesC.mobiles are used in places without ordinary telephonesD.people use mobiles to send e-mails and access the internet问题3选项A.mobile phones are very fashionable with teenagersB.they can call home if they are in trouble and need helpC.they can use mobiles to play simple computer gamesD.mobile phones enable teenagers to give up smoking问题4选项A.Because people hate the businessmen using mobiles in public places.B.Because people feel their privacy unprotected in a cafe or restaurant.C.Because there is strong evidence for the problems of mobiles.D.Because the use of mobile phones can be physically harmful.问题5选项A.Why Are Mobiles So Popular?B.Mobiles-Useful or Useless?C.Mobiles-A Danger to Health?D.Why Do We Design Mobiles?【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:B第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.事实细节题。由题干可定位到文章第一段开头Why are mobiles so popular? Because people love to talk to each other. And it is easier with a mobile phone.（为什么手机如此受欢迎？因为人们喜欢互相交谈。而且用手机就容易多了。），由此可知手机受欢迎的原因是手机会让人们的交谈变得更容易，所以D选项“人们觉得交谈变得更容易”正确。A选项“人们认为手机很有趣”文章并未提及，属于无中生有；B选项“人们相信手机是安全的”，干扰源“safe”对应原文第二段开头，但此处讲的是父母给孩子买手机的原因，而不是手机受欢迎的原因，属于张冠李戴；C选项“人们喜欢听音乐”对应原文第一段段尾“You can even use a mobile phone to listen to music.”，但此处与题干问题无关，不是手机受欢迎的原因，