2022年高中英语人教版选修7教学案：Unit 1 Section Grammar 复习动词不定式(含答案)语法图解探究发现用所给词的适当形式填空1Unfortunately, the doctors dont know how to_make (make) me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to_adapt (adapt) to my disability.2Then I started to_get (get) weaker and weaker, until I could only enjoy football from a bench at the stadium.3Even after all that, no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to_know (know) what the future holds.4I am happy to_have_found (find) many things I can do, like writing and puter programming.5My ambition is to_work (work) for a firm that develops puter software when I grow up.6Last year I invented a puter football game and a big pany has decided to_buy (buy) it from me.7To_look (look) after my pets properly takes a lot of time but I find it worthwhile.8. I have to work hard to_live (live) a normal life but it has been worth it.9If I had a chance to_say (say) one thing to healthy children, it would be this: having a disability does not mean your life is not satisfying.10Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to_live (live) as rich and full a life as you do. 我的发现(1)以上句子皆用了动词不定式。动词不定式在句中可充当宾语(如句1、 2、 6)，主语(如句3、7)，原因状语(如句4)，表语(如句5)，定语(如句9)及目的状语(如句8、 10)。(2)在句1中，“疑问词 动词不定式”结构在句中充当宾语。(3)动词不定式一般式的结构为：to_do (如句1、2、3、5、 6、 7、 8、 9、10)；动词不定式完成式的结构为：to_have_done (如句4)一、动词不定式的时态1一般时动词不定式的一般时(to do)所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作(或状态)同时发生，或是在它之后发生。I noticed him go out.我看见他出去了。(notice与go out同时发生)I plan to attend the party to be held tomorrow.我打算参加明天举行的聚会。(attend的动作在plan后发生)2进行时动词不定式的进行时(to be doing)表示不定式的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。They are reported to be working hard.据报道他们正努力地工作。(be reported与work同时发生)I am very glad to be working with you.我非常乐意与你一起工作。(be glad与work同时发生)3完成时动词不定式的完成时(to have done)表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。Im very sorryto have kept you waiting for a long time.很抱歉让你久等了。(keep发生在be sorry前)He is believed to have e.相信他已经来了。(e发生在believe前)名师点津(1)在intended, expected, hoped, promised, wanted, wished, thought等后常用动词不定式的完成时，表示过去没有实现的愿望、期待或计划等。(2)在seem, appear, think, consider, believe等表示看法与想法的动词后常用动词不定式的完成时，表示该动作先于另一个动作发生。此结构也常用以it作形式主语的结构代替。(3)常见的可接动词不定式完成时的形容词有：happy, sad, disappointed, satisfied, likely, surprised等。I hoped to have finished the work earlier.我本希望早点儿完成那项工作。I intended to have helped you.我本打算帮助你。He seems to have bought the new book.It seems that he has bought the new book.他好像已买了那本新书。She is notlikely to have got our letter.她很可能还没收到我们的信。即时演练1用所给词的适当形式填空(xx北京高考改编)To_make (make) it easier to get in touch with us, youd better keep this card at hand.(xx陕西高考改编)To_work (work) out the difficult maths problem, I have concluded Professor Russell several times.(xx山东高考改编)I stopped the car to_take(take) a short break as I was feeling tired.(xx重庆高考改编)The engine just wont start. Something seems to_have_gone (go) wrong with it.二、动词不定式的语态1主动语态和被动语态(1)动词不定式有主动语态和被动语态两种形式；(2)在主动语态中动词不定式与其逻辑主语构成主动关系；(3)在被动语态中动词不定式与其逻辑主语构成被动关系；有一般时to be done和完成时to have been done两种形式。We were very excited to hear the news.听到那则消息，我们很兴奋。Its a great honour for me to be invited.能被邀请，甚是荣幸。(me是invite动作的承受者)No harm seemsto have been done.似乎并没有什么危害发生。(harm是do的承受者；且发生在seem前)2动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义(1)动词不定式作定语与被修饰词构成动宾关系，同时与句中另一名词或代词有逻辑上的主谓关系时。We have masses of work to do today.Hurry up!今天，我们有很多工作要做。快点儿！(2)在“be 性质形容词动词不定式”结构中。The water is not fit to drink, so hold out until we get to a shop.这水不能喝。坚持住，我们会找到商店的。(3)动词不定式与疑问代词连用时。What to do next hasnt been decided.下一步该做什么还没有决定。(4)在“be to blame”中常用主动形式表示被动意义。I felt I was to blame for this bicycle accident.我觉得这次自行车事故怪我。(5)当动词不定式的逻辑主语不清楚或不是句子的主语时，此时主动和被动结构都可用，而且在语意上并没有多大区别。He is the very man to choose/to be chosen for the work.他正是这项工作的最佳人选。Give me a list of people to invite/to be invited.给我一份需要邀请的人的名单。即时演练2补全句子(xx北京高考改编)There are still many problems to_be_solved before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.在我们准备好长久待在月球上之前还有很多问题需要解决。(xx四川高考改编)The airport to_be_pleted next year will help promote tourism in this area.明年将要完工的机场会有助于促进这一地区的旅游业发展。(xx辽宁高考改编)This machine is very_easy_to_operate. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.这台机器很容易操作。任何人都能在几分钟内学会使用它。三、动词不定式的结构1带to的动词不定式能直接跟带to的动词不定式结构的动词主要有ask, tell, hope, wish, learn, decide, want, forget, love, stop等。I want to goto the movies with you.我想跟你一起去看电影。Dont forget toturn off the light before you leave.在你离开之前别忘了关灯。2省略to的动词不定式在feel, hear, listen to, make, let, have, see, look at, watch, notice, observe等使役动词和感官动词(短语)后，动词不定式作宾语补足语时常省略to。I feltthe earth shake at that moment.那时，我感到地球在晃动。I often hear him sing the song.我经常听见他唱这首歌。名师点津这些词在变为被动语态时，to不能省略，此时不定式作主语补足语。He is often heard to sing the song.他经常被人听见唱这首歌。巧学助记不带to的不定式作宾语补足语一感二听三让四看，有些动词(短语)跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去to，具体如下：一感：feel二听：hear, listen to三让：let, have, make四看：observe, see, watch, notice3动词不定式的省略与替