2022年考博英语-南开大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题At Wembley, the home of football, countless thousands of people spend Sunday morning amongst the （ ） selling everything from shoes to model trains.问题1选项A.stallsB.staturesC.stalksD.statutes【答案】A【解析】名词词义辨析。stalls货摊 ；statures身高，身材；stalks茎秆；statutes法令。句意：成千上万的人整个星期天上午都流连于出售从鞋子到模型火车等各种商品的小摊位。选项A符合句意。2. 单选题Donations are needed to （ ） our child-care programs.问题1选项A.implementB.validateC.strengthenD.approve【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。implement实施，实现；validate证实，确认；strengthen加强，巩固；approve批准，赞成。句意：实施我们的托儿所项目需要捐款。选项A符合句意。3. 单选题A good teacher must know how to （ ） his ideas to the students, as generally agreed by educational experts.问题1选项A.displayB.transmitC.conveyD.illuminate【答案】C【解析】动词词性及搭配。句意：一个好老师必须知道如何把他的想法传达给学生。传达思想，想法等用convey，选项C正确。4. 单选题The failure of electricity put all the computers in the region out of （ ） .问题1选项A.workB.tuneC.gearingD.action【答案】D【解析】固定搭配。out of work失业；out of tune不协调；out of gearing没有这种搭配；out of action损坏，不运转。句意：电力故障使该地区所有的计算机无法工作。选项D符合句意。5. 单选题The doctors are very much worried about the（ ） of the patients condition after operation.问题1选项A.dispositionB.deliberationC.deteriorationD.diversion【答案】C【解析】名词词义辨析。disposition“处置, 性情”;deliberation“审议, 考虑”;deterioration“恶化, 退化”;diversion“消遣, 转移注意力”。句意:医生非常担心病人手术后情况会恶化。选项C符合句意。6. 单选题Complete silence is found only in laboratories called anechoic rooms. The walls and ceilings, made of blocks of special sound-sucking materials, are more than three feet thick, while floor coverings are six-foot layers of feathers or cotton wool. Silence here can be as painful to the ears as the din (continuous loud noise) of a steelworks or a rocket blast-off, yet scientists get used to this and stay in these silent rooms for hours at a time, using microphones and electronic equipment to test the various materials being developed to make the world a less noisy place.Architects have used scientific discoveries to solve noise problem in a number of ways. Walls are hollowed (having empty space inside) and then filled with sound-sucking materials similar to cotton wool. Extra-thick carpets cover the floors, and thick woolen curtains cover the windows. Air conditioning and heating channels are made less noisy by sound-sucking materialsUnfortunately, these techniques and others often work too well in some buildings. Noise-proof rooms become almost anechoic and people living in them are disturbed by the lack of soundOne way of handling this problem is to use what they call “sound perfume” artificial (similarly produced, made by man) noise is piped to rooms through small loudspeakers.1.Scientists use anechoic room for（ ） .2.The writer implies that （ ） .3.People suffer in anechoic rooms probably because （ ） .4.The article suggests that （ ） .问题1选项A.measuring noise levels of steelworksB.measuring blocks of feathersC.testing sound-absorbing materialsD.testing electronic equipment问题2选项A.untrained people can not stay long in anechoic roomsB.performing experiments in anechoic rooms can be a frightening experienceC.architects make practical use of the information gathered by scientistsD.scientists do not care for noise problem问题3选项A.they are allowed to move and speakB.they are used lo hearing noise around themC.the greater air pressure hurts their earsD.all of the above问题4选项A.loudspeakers are as important as sound-proofing materialsB.anechoic rooms will be included in all new buildingsC.scientific devices are sometimes too successfulD.all of the above【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:B第4题:A【解析】1.事实细节题。根据第一段最后一句“.scientists get used to . test the various materials being developed to make the world a less noisy place.”科学家习惯待在这些安静的房间里数小时，使用麦克风和电子设备来测试各种减少噪音的材料。选项C符合原文。2.细节推理题。根据第一段最后一句“Silence here can be as painful to the ears as the din (continuous loud noise) of a steelworks or a rocket blast-off.”这里的安静对于耳朵来说是痛苦的，就好像钢铁厂里或者火箭发射时所产生的连续不断的噪音。由此可推断，在这种环境下做实验是非常可怕的经历。所以选项B正确。3.细节推理题。根据最后一段第二一句“people living in them are disturbed by the lack of sound.”住在里面的人因为没有声音而感到不安。人们在消音室里觉得很痛苦是因为人们不习惯周围一点儿噪音都没有，所以选项B符合原文。4.事实细节题。根据最后一段的内容可知，住在完全消音的房间里，人们往往会因为没有声音而感到不安，这时候就可以使用人造噪音通过小喇叭传到房间里。也就是说扬声器和隔音材料同样重要。选项A正确。选项C是事实，不是文章给出的建议，所以不选。7. 单选题International sport should create goodwill between the nations, but in the present organization of the Olympics somehow encourages（ ）patriotism.问题1选项A.amiableB.obsoleteC.aggressiveD.harmonious【答案】C【解析】形容词词义辨析。amiable“和蔼可亲的, 亲切的”;obsolete“废弃的, 老式的”;aggressive“侵略性的, 好斗的, 激进的, 有进取心的”;harmonious“和谐的, 和睦的”。句意:国际体育运动应该在各国之间建立友好关系, 但在现在的奥运会组织中, 某种程度上鼓励了激进的爱国主义。选项C符合语境。8. 单选题The main road through Littlebury was