2022年考博英语-厦门大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题If a country wants to develop its economy successfully, there has to be a clear_of its social needs.问题1选项A.assessmentB.assumptionC.assuranceD.appreciation【答案】A【解析】assessment评定, 估价; assumption设想, 假定; assurance确信, 保证; appreciation欣赏, 鉴别, 感激。句意：一个国家要想成功地发展经济, 就必须对其社会需求进行明确的评估。选项A符合句意。2. 单选题I get asked about what individuals can do to stay current in a world that somehow keeps_and repeating patterns ail at the same time.问题1选项A.transformingB.distortingC.convertingD.contorting【答案】A【解析】transform转换, 改变; distort扭曲, 曲解; convert使转变; contort扭曲, 歪曲。句意：有人问我，在一个不断改变的同时又重复着那些模式的世界里，个人如何才能保持与时俱进。这里强调的是变化，所以选项A符合句意。3. 单选题Entering the furniture store,Mr. Thompson took a few minutes to_through the catalog and got a sense of what kinds of sofa were in popular demand.问题1选项A.gazeB.stareC.shuffleD.riffle【答案】D【解析】gaze注视, 凝视; stare凝视, 盯着看; shuffle搅乱, 推诿; riffle迅速翻阅，riffle through很快地（漫不经心地）翻阅。句意：走进家具店之后, Thompson先生用了几分钟时间快速浏览了一下目录，了解了一下什么样的沙发最受欢迎。选项D符合句意。4. 单选题As a person who combines care with_, Marisa completed her duties with_as well as zeal.问题1选项A.levity.resignationB.enthusiasm.meticulousnessC.vitality. willingnessD.empathy.rigor【答案】B【解析】levity.resignation轻率 屈从; enthusiasm.meticulousness热情 严谨; vitality.willingness活力 乐意; empathyrigor同情 严厉。句意：Marisa是一个细心与热情相结合的人, 她一丝不苟、兢兢业业地完成了自己的职责。选项B符合句意。5. 单选题The ALSPAC report is the third in recent years to find few or no_effects from consuming most types of seafood during pregnancy.问题1选项A.adverseB.aggregateC.antagonisticD.animate【答案】A【解析】adverse不利的, 敌对的; aggregate合计的, 聚合的; antagonistic反对的, 敌对的; animate有生命的。句意：ALSPAC的报告是近年来第三份发现孕期食用大多数品种的海鲜很少有或者几乎没有副作用的报告。选项A符合句意。6. 单选题I never trusted him because I always thought of him as such a_character.问题1选项A.graciousB.suspiciousC.uniqueD.particular【答案】B【解析】gracious有礼貌的, 宽厚的; suspicious多疑的, 可疑的; unique独一无二的, 唯一的; particular特别的, 独有的。句意：我从不相信他, 因为我一直认为他是个多疑的人。选项B符合句意。7. 单选题High-fructose com syrup is easy for food and beverage makers to use, and has_ the former leading sweetener: sucrose,or ordinary table sugar.问题1选项A.edged outB.edged inC.edged awayD.edged on【答案】A【解析】edge out替代, 挤掉; edge in挤进; edge away缓缓移动; edge on 怂恿,鼓励。句意：高果糖玉米糖浆对食品和饮料生产商来说很容易使用, 而且已经取代了以前重要的增甜剂蔗糖或普通的食糖。选项A符合句意。8. 单选题In most peoples mind, growth is associated with prosperity. We judge how well the economy is doing by the size of the Gross National Product (GNP), a measure, supposedly, of growth. Equally axiomatic, however, is the notion that increased pressure on dwindling natural resources must inevitably lead to a decline in prosperity, especially when accompanied by a growth in population. So, which is correct: growth means prosperity and no growth means adversity, or growth means adversity and no growth meanswhat?What growth advocates mean, primarily, when they say growth is necessary for prosperity is that growth is necessary for the smooth functioning of the economic system. In one arena the argument in favor of growth is particularly compelling and that is with regard to the Third World. To argue against growth, other than population growth, in light of Third World poverty and degradation seems callous, if not cruel, the pompous postulating of the comfortable and the secure. But is it? Could it be that growth, especially the growth of the wealthier countries, has contributed to the impoverishment, not the advancements of Third World countries? If not, how do we account tor the desperate straits these countries find themselves in today after a century of dedication to growth?To see how this might be the case we must look at the impact of growth on Third World countries - the reality, not the abstract stages-of-economic-growth nostrum propounded through rose-colored glasses by academicians of the developed world. What good is growth to the people of the Third World if it means the conversion of peasant farms into mechanized agri-businesses producing commodities not for local consumption but for export, if it means the stripping of their land of its mineral and arboreal treasures to the benefit of foreign investors and a handful of their local collaborators, if it means the assumption of a crushing foreign indebtedness, the proceeds of which goes not into the development of the country but into the purchase of luxury cars, the padding of Swiss bank accounts, and the buying of condominiums in Miami?Admittedly, this is an oversimplification, which applies to no country in its entirety and to some countries not at all. But the point, I believe, remains valid: that growth in underdeveloped countries cannot simply be judged in the abstract; it