2022年考博英语-郑州大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题Scientists around the world agree that the earths climate is changing due to human activities that release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. If left unaddressed, this situation will cause increase severe weather, flooding, disease, and habitat destruction, all of which will have devastating impacts on society.In an effort to reduce its own contribution to climate change, the UN Foundation has initiated a number of efforts in the office and with staff.Steps being taken to reduce the foundations emissions include the following:A light bulb exchange program allows staff to trade regular bulbs from home for Compact Fluorescent Lights (CFLs). CFLs use 70 percent less energy, are much less expensive to run. and last longer than regular bulbs.The UN Foundation encourages its staff to use public transit where possible and provides them with free public transports vouchers. UNF does not provide or subsidize parking for its employees.The UN Foundation has moved into a new Gold standard LEED-certified office in early 2007, which will further reduce the Foundations impact on the environment while maximizing efficiency, savings and staff comfort. The new office demonstrates high standards in key areas of human and environmental health; energy efficiency, water savings, sustainable materials, indoor environmental quality and sustainable site development.The UN Foundation offsets its greenhouse gas emissions from day-to-day office energy use by contributing to a reforestation project that absorbs the same amount of carbon dioxide as was emitted.To do this, the Foundation used the methodology of the GHG Protocol and tools provided by the World Resources Institute to calculate the total amount of its historical carbon dioxide emission from electricity consumption, heating and cooling and air travel at its Washington D.C. and New York City offices.With pro bono legal services generously provided by Baker & McKenzie, the UN Foundation was then able to purchase an equivalent amount of carbon offsets from a reforestation project in the Sierra Gorda Mountains of Mexico.This LTNDP project sequesters (隔离)carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by reforesting lands previously converted to agricultural and livestock uses. Over and above the sequestration of greenhouse gases, this project also has significant sustainable development benefits by enhancing biodiversity in the most ecosystem-diverse natural protected area in Mexico and by providing local landowners with an income to replace farming or herding. The Biosphere Reserve also recently distinguished itself in the area of sustainable tourism by winning the 2007 Tourism for Tomorrow Destination Award.1. CFLs gain the advantage over regular bulbs for（ ）.2. Whats the primary cause for UNF providing free public transport vouchers to its staff?3. We can infer from this passage that the LEED certification emphasizes（ ）.4. Whats the meaning of pro bono in Paragraph 9?问题1选项A.they consume as 70% energy as regular bulbsB.they are much easier to run by usC.their longevity is longer than regular bulbsD.their price is cheaper than regular bulbs问题2选项A.To stop its staff from driving private cars to work.B.To encourages its staff to use public transit.C.To reward its staff with generous welfareD.To reduce the release of greenhouse gases.问题3选项A.inner and outer estheticismB.basic facilities and serviceC.humans health and wellbeingD.energy and environment问题4选项A.Done without compensationB.Being full of adviceC.Especially professionalD.Being a large number【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:D第4题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“节能灯与普通灯泡相比优势在哪里？”文章第四段提到“节能灯比普通灯泡节能70%，运行成本低很多，使用寿命更长” (CFLs use 70 percent less energy, are much less expensive to run, and last longer than regular bulbs)，因此选项C“它们的寿命比普通灯泡长”符合题意。2.细节事实题。题目问的是“UNF给员工提供免费公交券的主要目的是什么？”文章第三段提到采取了一些措施来减少温室气体的排放量，第四段提出采用节能灯，第五段提到UNF给员工提供免费公交券，让员工在条件允许的情况下使用，根本原因是为了减少气体的排放量，因此选项D符合题意。3.推理判断题。题目问的是“根据文章可知LEED认证强调的是什么？”文章第六段第一句提到联合国基金会2007年年初搬进了一个黄金标准的LEED认证办公室，这将进一步减少基金会对环境的影响 (The UN Foundation has moved into a new Gold standard LEED-certified office in early 2007, which will further reduce the Foundations impact on the environment while maximizing efficiency, savings and staff comfort),并且新办事处在人类和环境卫生的关键领域都是符合高标准的，由此可知LEED认证所关注的问题是能源和环境两方面，选项D符合题意。4.词义题。题目问的是“pro bono是什么意思？”该词出现倒数第二段，With pro bono legal services generously provided by Baker & McKenzie, the UN Foundation was then able to purchase an equivalent amount of carbon offsets from a reforestation project in the Sierra Gorda Mountains of Mexico（联合国基金会就能够从墨西哥Sierra Gorda山脉中的重新造林项目中购买等量的二氧化碳排放抵消量），以及generously“慷慨地”可推测pro bono legal services是“无偿的法律服务”，选项A符合题意。2. 单选题I didnt say anything like that at all. You are purposely（ ）my ideas to prove your point.问题1选项A.revisingB.distortingC.distracting