2022年考博英语-西安建筑科技大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese on your ANSWER SHEET.One of the strangest aspects of our life is the widespread lack of concern about the danger of total destruction by nuclear weapons, a possibility people are aware of. The explanation, I believe, is that they are more proud of than frightened by the gadgets of mass destruction. Also, they are so frightened of the possibility of their personal failure and humiliation that their anxiety about personal matters prevents them from feeling anxious about the possibility that everybody and everything may be destroyed. Perhaps total destruction is even more attractive than total insecurity and never-ending personal anxiety.【答案】我们生活中最奇怪的一个方面是，人们普遍不关心核武器可能带来彻底毁灭的危险，而人们也知道这种可能性。我认为，可以解释为，他们对大规模毁灭性武器与其说感到害怕，不如说感到自豪。此外，他们对个人失败和被羞辱的可能性是如此恐惧，以至于他们对个人事务的焦虑阻碍了他们去担忧每个人、每件事都可能被摧毁的可能性。也许彻底的毁灭比完全的不安全感和无休止的个人焦虑更有吸引力。2. 单选题He was interested only in the story and skipped all those passages of landscape description.问题1选项A.thought badly ofB.went overC.went throughD.passed over【答案】D【解析】考查动词和词组辨析。skip“跳过；遗漏”；A选项think badly of “认为不好”；B选项go over“复习；仔细检查”；C选项go through“参加；经受；仔细检查；通过”；D选项pass over“越过；忽略；宽恕；回避”。句意：他仅仅对这个故事感兴趣，因此他跳过了所有那些描述风景的段落。由“He was interested only in the story他仅仅对这个故事感兴趣”可推断出skip在这里有“跳过”的意思，因此D选项正确。3. 单选题He planned to buy an apartment since he is going to get married next year, but the cost of the property in the big cities is _.问题1选项A.promptB.proportionalC.prohibitiveD.progressive【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项“prompt”意为“敏捷的，迅速的；立刻的，及时的；准时的”；B选项“proportional”意为“比例的，成比例的；相称的，均衡的”；C选项“prohibitive”意为“禁止的；抑制的；（费用，价格等）过高的”；D选项“progressive”意为“进步的；先进的”。句意：由于明年就要结婚了，他打算买一套公寓，但大城市的房价高得令人望而却步。由题干可知，but表转折，说明the cost of the property in the big cities（大城市的房价）阻碍了他想买房子的计划，由此可推测出大城市的房价高得超出他的承受能力。因此C选项符合题意。4. 单选题Africa and South American are moving away from each other as new material is（ ）into the floor between them.问题1选项A.dejectedB.ejectedC.injectedD.projected【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项deject“使沮丧；使灰心”；B选项eject“喷射；驱逐， 逐出”；C选项inject“注入；注射”；D选项project“计划；发射；放映”。句意：随着新材料被注入到非洲和南美之间的地板上，它们正在相互远离，因此C选项正确。5. 单选题I couldnt work out why anyone would invent something so boring.问题1选项A.draw upB.bring aboutC.put forwardD.figure out【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。work out“算出；实现；制定出；消耗完；理解；锻炼”；A选项draw up“起草；使靠近”；B选项bring about“引起；带来”；C选项put forward“提出；拿出”；D选项figure out“解决；想出；理解；断定”。句意：我搞不懂为什么会有人发明这么无聊的东西。根据句中“why anyone would invent something so boring为何有人发明如此无聊的一些东西”可知work out在这里的意思应为“理解”，因此D选项正确。6. 单选题The executive manager doesnt like to consider opinions different from his own, which may_ his judgment in business activities.问题1选项A.crippleB.hurtC.distractD.distort【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项“cripple”意为“（使）跛；（使）残废；削弱；给造成严重问题”；B选项“hurt”意为“使受伤；损害；使疼痛；使痛心”；C选项“distract”意为“转移；分心”；D选项“distort”意为“扭曲；使失真；曲解”。句意：这位行政经理不喜欢考虑与自己不同的意见，这可能会削弱他在商业活动中的判断力。由题干可知，doesnt like to consider opinions different from his own（不喜欢考虑与自己不同的意见）说明这位经理害怕受到别人想法的影响干扰，从而削弱自己的判断力。因此A选项符合题意。7. 单选题It is imperative that students （ ） papers on time.问题1选项A.hand inB.would hand inC.have to hand inD.handed in【答案】A【解析】语法题考查虚拟语气。在表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气。imperative 表示必须的，是一种要求，所以后面的从句要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形（should可省略）。句意：学生们必须按时交作业。因此A选项正确。8. 单选题The motion picture originated when a series of still photograph were sliced and viewed in rapid succession to create the illusion of movement and continuity.问题1选项A.reducedB.joinedC.revisedD.titled【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。横线单词sliced意为“切下；把分成部分；将切成薄片”；A选项“reduced”意为“减少；缩小；使处于；把分解”；B选项“joined”意为“参加；结合；连接”；C选项“revised”意为“修正；复习；校订”；D选项“titled”意为“加标题于；赋予头衔；把称为”。句意：电影起源于将一系列静止的照片切成薄片，快速连续地观看，以创造移动和连续性的幻觉。由题干可知，motion picture（电影）最开始是以一系列静止照片的形式观看，可以推测出应该是将这些照片切成薄片，也就是胶片的样子。由此可知，sliced在此处最可能是“将切成薄片”的意思，四个选项中reduced具有“缩小，分解”的意思，与此相近。因此A选项符合题意。9. 单选题In a typhoon, winds（ ）a speed greater than 120 kilometers per hour.问题1选项A.assumeB.accomplishC.attainD.assemble【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项assume“采取；呈现；承担”；B选项accomplish“完成；实现”；C选项attain“实现；获得；达到”；D选项assemble“集合；装配；收集”。句意：在台风中，风速达到每小时120公里。根据句中“In a typhoon在台风中”可知“达到”符合语境，因此C选项正确。10. 单选题The severance of church and state is a basic principle of our government.问题1选项A.integrationB.discriminationC.separationD.exposition【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。severance“分离；断绝；隔离”；A选项integration“集成；整合”；B选项discrimination“歧视；区别，辨别”；C选项separations“分开；间隔”；D选项exposition“博览会；阐述；展览会”。句意：政教分离是我国政府的一项基本原则。severance在这里是“分离”的意思，因此C选项正确。11. 单选题Silk, although it is considered a delicate fabric, is in fact very strong, but it is adversely affected by sunlight.问题1选项A.softB.sheerC.fragileD.refined【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。delic