BMW Group has released an official document that details the design process at BMW and MINI, from initial concept to the finished model 宝马集团公布了一个官方文档,详细描述了宝马和迷你从最初的 概念到最终的模型的设计过程The docume nt, reported below, expla ins the differe nt stages of the developme nt of new production cars of the Group, and gives a more general idea on how the design process is carried out in todays automotive industry以下报告的文档，诠释了宝马集团在开发新车产品的不同阶段,并给出了现代汽车工 业中设计过程进行的更一般的思路。From the official Press Release:壮The product developme nt process for a new model exte nds over a period of some five years and is divided into three phases.一个新产品样式的产品开发过程延续将近五年的时间,可被分为三个阶段。It starts with the compa ny commissi oning a desig n for a new automobile. Adrian van Hoovdonk, Senior Vice Preside nt BMW Group Desig n, and hisin terdiscipli nary team join tly draw up a briefi ng for every one in volved in the desig n process.一切从公司任命设计一款新车开始。Adrian van Hooydonk，宝马集团设计部高级副总裁，和他的跨学科团 队共同起草一份每个人都参与设计过程的指示。This con ceptual framework gives the desig ners, developers and engin eers the greatest possible creative scope for designing the new car.这个概念框架给设计人员、开发人员和工程师提供了设计新车的最大可能的创意空间。Fundamentals基本原则At the start of the in itial project phase, the critical attributes are laid dow n. Based on these, the designers then produce the first proportional models for the new vehicle.在最初项目的开始阶段,关键的属性被制定好。基于这些关键属性，设计师为新车制作第一个比例模型。Determining the proportions is a highly important aspect of the design process. As with any product, so with the car, too, perfect proporti ons are see n as the key to aesthetics and harmony.确定合适的比例在设计过程中是一个非常重要的方面。与任何产品的设计一样,汽车的完美比例也被视为美 学与和谐的关键。The designers start out by drawing the silhouette and the characteristic lines of the in cipie nt vehicle.After the initial sketches they produce so-called tape drawings on a package plan 一 a kind of grid map of the vehicle on a 1:1 scale and in clud ing all its tech ni cal and structural con stitue nts.设计师从绘制初期的汽车轮廓和特征线开始。接着在最初的草图根据一揽子计划制作所谓的胶带图一种i：i的汽车网格图，包括所有的技术和结构 成分。Using flexible tape, the desig ners attach the main proporti on al li nes onto the package to acce ntuate them.设计师用灵活的胶带将汽车外形主要比例和线条强调出来In the fini shed tape draw ing, the silhouette and con tours already con vey the character of the completed vehicle. In the ensuing dialogue betwee n the desig ner and CAD modeler a virtual 3D proportional model of the new car is created.完成的胶带图后，剪影与轮廓已经完整地传达了车辆的主要特点。随后设计师用CAD创建新车的虚拟三维 模型The aim of this first phase is to gain a mutual un dersta nding of all the factors in flue ncing a proposed desig n and their impact on it.第一阶段的目标是获得一个所有设计程序因素影响和效果的相互配合。Already at this early stage, key components such as the wheelbase, luggage compartme nt volume, ra nge of engin es, in terior width and safety stipulati ons are fixed as part of the design brief.当已经进入这个早期阶段,像轴距、行李舱容积，引擎，内部宽度和安全规定等关键部件是设计指示中固定的 一部分。At this point, a closely in tegrated desig n-tech no logy con verge nee is esse ntial since all the available tech ni cal inno vati ons must be impleme nted in a way which the ultimate user will experie nee as fun cti on ally perfect, expedie nt and visually compelli ng.此时，一个紧密集成的设计技术收敛是至关重要的,因为所有可用的技术创新必须通过完美、方便、令人叹服 的终端用户体验方法来实现。Phase 2: Competition 竞赛A key aspect of the form-finding process for BMW Group Design 一 and unique of its kind with in the motor in dustry 一 is the in ter nal, highly creative con test for the design of the exterior and interior of a vehicle, in which the designers compete aga inst one ano ther.宝马集团设计找形分析过程的一个关键方面是汽车行业内的，独一无二的，是内在的，高度创意的汽车外观和 室内设计大赛，比赛中设计师们互相竞争The en tire Exterior and In terior Desig n team un der the bat on of the releva nt head of desig n develops its diverse ideas through sketches and virtual represe ntati ons, which are then rendered as three-dimensional physical clay models.整个外观和室内设计团队在相关负责人指挥棒下，通过草图和虚拟表示形式，在之后呈现为三维物理粘土 模型，设计开发了多种多样的想法。In adhere nee to the agreed proporti ons, the dist in ctive desig n lan guage of each particular con cept the n emerges.在忠诚于最先约定的比例条件下，每个特定设计概念独特的设计语言被呈现出来。The brief is to create inno vative desig n drafts and highly aesthetic proporti ons and surfaces.目标的是创建创新设计草图和具有高度审美的比例和表面。The work on clay models is very time and cost-intensive. Only few car manu facturers place so much value on 1:1 models made of clay 一 a special type used by desig ners and refi ne them in such faithful detail.制作粘土模型很耗费时间和精力。只有少数汽车制造商在1:1模型上花费如此多价值，油泥模型是设计师 用的一种特殊类型，它们能被赋予十分准确可靠的细节。Coveri ng the model in a special foil that resembles Tita nium Silver Metallic pain twork allows the lin es, surfaces and proporti ons of each model to be realistically assessed in varying light conditions.用一种特殊的类似于钛银金属油漆的材料覆盖模型，这种材料能表现出每个模型的线条，表面和比例，并 且可在不同光照条件进行实际评估。Clay models allow for the continu ous developme nt of the desig n since any desired modificati on can be rapidly impleme nted and realistically visualized on the 1:1 model.粘土模型能够迅速被修改成想要的形状，且能在1:1的模型中表现真实情况