2022年考博英语-北京科技大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题As an important（ ）for our emotions and ideas, music can play a huge role in our life.问题1选项A.vesselB.vestC.ventureD.vehicle【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A项vessel“船，器皿”，B项vest“背心，汗衫”，C项venture“冒险旅行”，D项vehicle“车辆，交通工具，运载工具”。后文提到“音乐在生活中发挥重要作用”，根据前文的our emotion and ideas（我们的情感和思想）可知空格处表示“载体”。句意：作为情感和思想的重要载体，音乐在我们的生活中扮演着重要的角色。因此，该题D项正确。2. 单选题Richard Satava, program manager for advanced medical technologies, has been a driving force in bringing virtual reality to medicine, where computers create a “virtual” or simulated environment for surgeons and other medical practitioners.“With virtual reality we will be able to put a surgeon in every trench,” said Satava. He envisaged a time when soldiers who are wounded fighting overseas are put in mobile surgical units equipped with computers.The computers would transmit images of the soldiers to surgeons back in the U.S. The surgeons would look at the soldier through virtual reality helmets (头盔) that contain a small screen displaying the image of the wound. The doctors would guide robotic instruments in the battlefield mobile surgical unit that operate on the soldier.Although Satavas vision may be years away from standard operating procedure, scientists are progressing toward virtual reality surgery. Engineers at an international organization in California are developing a tele-operating device. As surgeons watch a three-dimensional image of the surgery, they move instruments that are connected to a computer, which passes their movements to robotic instruments that perform the surgery. The computer provides feedback to the surgeon on force, textures, and sound.These technological wonders may not yet be part of the community hospital setting but increasingly some of the machinery is finding its way into civilian medicine. At Wayne State University Medical School, surgeon Lucia Zamorano takes images of the brain from computerized scans and uses a computer program to produce a 3-D image. She can then maneuver the 3-D image on the computer screen to map the shortest, least invasive surgical path to the tumor. Zamorano is also using technology that attaches a probe to surgical instruments so that she can track their positions. While cutting away a tumor deep in the brain, she watches the movement of her surgical tools in a computer graphics image of the patients brain taken before surgery.During these procedures-operations that are done through small cuts in the body in which a miniature camera and surgical tools are maneuvered-surgeons are wearing 3-D glasses for a better view. And they are commanding robot surgeons to cut away tissue more accurately than human surgeons can.Satava says, “We are in the midst of a fundamental change in the field of medicine.”1. According to Richard Satava, the application of virtual reality to medicine（ ）.2. How is virtual reality surgery performed?3. Richard Satava has visions of（ ）.4. During virtual reality operations, the surgeon can have a better view of the cuts in the body because（ ）.5. Virtual reality operations are an improvement on conventional surgery in that they_.问题1选项A.will enable surgeons to be physically present on every battlefieldtB.can raise the spirits of soldiers wounded on the battlefieldtC.will greatly improve medical conditions on the battlefieldtD.can shorten the time for operations on soldiers wounded on the battlefieldt问题2选项A.It is performed by a computer-designed high precision device.tB.Surgeons wear virtual reality helmets to receive feedback provided by a computer.tC.Surgeons move robotic instruments by means of a computer lined to them.tD.A 3-D image records the movements of the surgeons during the operation.t问题3选项A.using a remote-control technique to treat wounded soldiers fighting overseastB.wounded soldiers being saved by doctors wearing virtual reality helmets on the battlefieldtC.wounded soldiers being operated on by specially trained surgeonstD.setting up mobile surgical units overseast问题4选项A.he is looking at the cuts on a computer screentB.the cuts can be examined from different anglestC.the cuts have been highly magnifiedtD.he is wearing 3-D glassest问题5选项A.cause less pain to the woundedtB.allow the patient to recover more quicklytC.will make human surgeons work less tedioustD.are done by robot surgeons with greater precision【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:A第4题:D第5题:D【解析】第1题:细节推理题。题干意思是“根据萨塔瓦，虚拟现实在医学上的应用”。第二段提到“With virtual reality we will be able to put a surgeon in every trench,” said Satava. He envisaged a time when soldiers who are wounded fighting overseas are put in mobile surgical units equipped with computers.（萨塔瓦说：“有了虚拟现实技术，我们将能够在每条战壕里都安置一名外科医生。”他设想有一天，在海外战斗中受伤的士兵可以被安置在配备电脑的移动手术室），由此可以推理，虚拟现实在医学上的应用可以改善战场上的医疗条件，故C项“将大大改善战场上的医疗条件”正确。A项“将使外科医生能够亲临每一个战场”，表述与原文不符；B项“可以鼓舞在战场上受伤的士兵的精神”和