2022年考博英语-燕山大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 翻译题(1) As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease. And especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious (有影响的) foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. (2) This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.(3) The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the bodys special needs. Both types have simply been called “well”. In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. (4) People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their bodys condition. Most important, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be “well”, in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. “Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. (5) And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.【答案】1. 正如我们所见，如今社会医疗保健的重点已从治疗疾病转向预防疾病。2. 这个人没有生病，甚至可能没有患上任何特定疾病的风险，但是我们可以想象他可以更健康。3. 传统上，医学并没有区分那些仅仅是“没有生病”的人和那些身体非常健康并且注意身体特殊需求的人。4. 健康的人注意营养和运动，他们非常重视关注自身的身体状况。5. 通过关注健康的生活方式和概念可以对人们面对日常生活挑战的方式产生积极影响。2. 单选题Everyone _ the right to his own opinion.问题1选项A.imitatesB.requestsC.deservesD.outlines【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项imitates“模仿”；B选项requests“正式要求，请求”；C选项deserves“应得”；D选项outlines“概括”。句意：每个人都_权利持有自己的观点。选项符合题意。根据语境，这里指的是每个人本身都有权利持有自己的观点，C选项deserves“应得”符合题意。因此C选项正确。3. 单选题The _ region is centered largely in the north of the country.问题1选项A.telescopeB.wireC.petrolD.mineral【答案】D【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项telescope“望远镜”；B选项wire“金属线；电线”；C选项petrol“汽油”；D选项mineral“矿物；汽水”。句意：_区主要集中在这个国家的北部。根据语境，这里指含有某个资源的地区集中在国家的北部，D选项mineral“矿物”符合题意。因此D选项正确。4. 单选题There are _ approaches to English teaching Hut not all of them are equally efficient for our Chinese students.问题1选项A.originateB.diverseC.doubleD.joint【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项originate“起源；创建”；B选项diverse“多种多样的”；C选项double“两倍的；成双的；双人的”；D选项joint“联合的”。句意：英语教学的方法_，但并不是所有的方法对我们的中国学生都同样有效。根据不是所有的方法都有效，可知有很多种方法，B选项diverse“多种多样的”符合题意。因此B选项正确。5. 单选题Oceanography has been defined as “The application of all sciences to the study of the sea”.Before the nineteenth century scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between. Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings, but he was reluctant to go to sea to further his work.For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay under the surface. The first time that the question “What is at the bottom of the oceans?” had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The engineer had to know the depth profile of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured.It was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in 1853, for information on this matter. In the 1840s, Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings were taken to investigate the depths of the North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Later, some of his findings aroused much popular interest in his book The Physical Geography of the Sea.The cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.Within a few years oc