2022年考博英语-北京大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题The organization issued a cry of alarm last week, citing ( ) evidence that those children are not receiving the same quality of education as their richer peers.问题1选项A.comparingB.completingC.compellingD.composing【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。comparing“比较的”；completing“完成”；compelling“引人注目的；令人信服的”；composing“起镇静作用的”。句意：该组织上周发出警告，称有“有力的证据”表明，这些孩子接受的教育质量不如他们富裕的同龄人。因此C选项符合题意。2. 单选题The worlds greatest snow-capped peaks, which run in a chain from the Himalayas to Tian Shan（1 ） the border of China and Kyrgyzstan, have lost no ice （2 ） the last decade, new research shows.The discovery has stunned scientists, who （3 ） that around 50bn tons of meltwater（4 ） each year and not being replaced by new snowfall.The study is the first to survey all the worlds icecaps and glaciers and was made （5 ） by the use of satellite data. Overall, the contribution of melting ice outside the two largest caps 一 Greenland and Antarctica is much （6 ） than previously estimated，with the lack of ice loss in the Himalayas and the other high peaks of Asia （7 ） most of the discrepancy.Bristol University glaciologist Prof Jonathan Bamber, who was not part of the research team, said, “The very unexpected result was the negligible mass loss from high mountain Asia, which is not（8 ） different from zero.”The melting of Himalayan glaciers caused （9 ） in 2009 when a report from the UNs intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change mistakenly stated that they would disappear by 2035, instead of 2350. （10 ），the scientist who led the new work is clear that while greater uncertainty has been discovered in Asias highest mountains, the melting of ice caps and glaciers around the world （11 ） a serious concern.“Our results and those of everyone else show we are losing a huge amount of water into the oceans every year,” said Prof John Wahr of the University of Colorado. “People should be just as worried about the melting of the worlds ice as they were before.”His teams study, published in the journal Nature, concludes that between 443-629bn tons of meltwater overall are added to the worlds oceans each year. This is （12 ） sea level by about 1. 5mm a year, the team reports, （13 ） the 2mm a year caused by expansion of the warming ocean.The scientists are careful to point out that lower-altitude glaciers in the Asian mountain rangessometimes dubbed the “third pole” are （14 ）melting. Satellite images and reports confirm this. But over the study period from 2003-10 enough ice was added to the peaks to（15 ）.问题1选项A.onB.inC.acrossD.over问题2选项A.fromB.asC.uponD.over问题3选项A.believedB.had believedC.have believedD.were believing问题4选项A.were being sheddingB.were sheddingC.were being shedD.were shed问题5选项A.impossibleB.possibleC.unavailableD.available问题6选项A.shorterB.smallerC.fewerD.less问题7选项A.in charge ofB.responsible forC.liable forD.caused by问题8选项A.significantlyB.meaningfullyC.informativelyD.expressively问题9选项A.agreementB.consensusC.controversyD.difference问题10选项A.BesidesB.FurthermoreC.DespiteD.However问题11选项A.resumesB.remainsC.keepsD.lasts问题12选项A.risingB.arisingC.raisingD.rearing问题13选项A.includingB.adding up toC.additionallyD.in addition to问题14选项A.definitelyB.necessarilyC.exactlyD.particularly问题15选项A.replaceB.refundC.compensateD.balance【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:B第4题:C第5题:B第6题:D第7题:B第8题:A第9题:C第10题:D第11题:B第12题:C第13题:D第14题:A第15题:C【解析】（1）考查固定搭配。空格后是the border of，选项中只有on可以与其搭配，表示“在的边界”。因此A选项符合题意。（2）考查介词用法。空格后是the last decade，表示时间，与over搭配时表示“在过去的十年内”。因此D选项符合题意。（3）考查语法知识。 本句前部分提到“这一发现震惊了科学家”，说明这是与科学家以前的发现不同。相对现在的时间点，科学家以前的动作属于过去完成。因此B选项符合题意。（4）考查语法知识。根绝选项得知动词为shed（流失），空格前的meltwater与shed应为被动关系。冰雪融化成水流失是不断进行的动作，因此需要使用过去进行时的被动语态形式。选项C符合题意。（5）考查上下文语义。句意：由于使用了卫星数据，这项第一次针对全世界的冰盖和冰川的研究。联系上下文，覆盖全球范围的研究得益于卫星数据，得以顺利进行。因此B选项符合题意。be made possible表示“使称为可能，使得以发生”。（6）考查上下文语义。句意：总的来说,外融冰的贡献最大的两个冰盖一格陵兰岛和南极洲比先前估计的多。联系前文提到发现融冰量并不如科学家们以为的多，因此空格处应填表示量少的否定词。ice为不可数名词，因此D选项符合题意。（7）考查词组辨析。in charge of “负责，主管”；responsible for“为负责；是的缘由”；liable for “对有责任”；caused by“归因于”。句意：没有冰川损失的喜马拉雅山脉和亚洲其他32个高峰是造成此差异的缘故。因此B选项符合题意。（8）考查副词辨析。significantly “显著地；相当数量地”；meaningfully“有意义地”；informatively“提供消息地”；expressively“表现地；意味深长地”。前文句意：令人意想不到的结果是亚洲高山冰川的质量损失微不足道。非限定性定语从句中的notdifferent应与negligible相符合。因此A选项符合题意，表示“与零没有显著的区别”。（9）考查名词辨析。agreement“协议；同意”；consensus“一致；舆论”；controversy“争论，辩论”；difference“差异”。本句提到，2009年一份有关气候变化的报告错误地显示喜马拉雅冰川将在2035年而不是2350年消失时，引起了。由mistakenly states等字眼可知，此处应为引起了争论，而不是所有人达成一致意见。因此C选项符合题意。（10）考查逻辑关系。前文讲述亚洲高山冰川的积雪损失可以忽略不计这一好的结果，空格后提到应该关注全世界冰盖和冰川融化的现象属于转折。因此D选项符合题意。（11）考查动词辨析。resume“继续；