Section & Gammar单元语法项目(一)转述结构语法图解探究发现He said, “Im busy preparing for the final exam now.”He said that he was busy preparing for the final exam then.“Do you want the green shirt or the blue one？” asked mother.Mother asked whether/if I wanted the green shirt or the blue one.The old man said, “Dont come here again next week.”The old man asked us not to go there again the next week.Our teacher said, “Practice makes perfect.”Our teacher said practice makes perfect.“Where did you spend your holiday this year, Jack？” She asked.She asked Jack where he had spent his holiday that year.我的发现(1)由句可知，当直接引语为陈述句变为间接引语时，时态、人称、时间状语以及指示代词等通常要改变。(2)由句可知，当直接引语为一般疑问句变为间接引语时，首先变为陈述句语序，然后再加上连词if或whether来引导间接引语。(3)由句可知，当直接引语为祈使句时，要加上合适的动词，如ask, tell, order, require, demand等动词作谓语，然后将该祈使句变成动词不定式作宾补。(4)由句可知，当直接引语为谚语、格言以及客观真理、自然现象时，间接引语中的谓语动词不用改变，仍使用一般现在时态。(5)由句可知，当直接引语为特殊疑问句变为间接引语时，首先将其变为陈述句语序，但仍用原来的疑问词引导。一、常见的转述结构1动词that .that引导的从句为间接引语。常用动词有add, admit, agree, announce, believe, boast, claim, complain, deny, declare, explain, insist, remind, suggest, warn等。They announced that she would give one extra song.他们宣布她将再唱一首歌。He believes that she is fit for the job.他相信她能胜任这项工作。2动词sb.that .常用动词有warn, remind, tell等。He warned me that I couldnt go out alone at night.他警告我晚上不能单独出去。She reminded me that I hadnt written to my mother.她提醒我还没有给母亲写信。3动词sb.to do sth.常用动词有advise, beg, order, promise等。The doctor advised me to take more exercise.医生建议我多加锻炼。I promised my mother to get up early in the morning.我向妈妈承诺早上早起。 4动词to do sth.常用动词有agree, offer, refuse, threaten等。He offered to lend me some books.他主动提出要借给我一些书。The boss threatened to dismiss us if we didnt obey him.老板威胁我们说，如果违背他就开除我们。5动词v.ing常用动词有admit, deny, suggest, advocate等。She suggested staying there another day.她建议在那儿再待一天。He denied having seen these watches before.他否认曾经见过这些手表。6动词if/whether .常用动词有inquire, ask等。She asked whether/if I put sugar in my tea.她问我是否在茶中加糖。7动词介词v.ing常用动词词组有accuse of, succeed in等。He was accused of stealing the money.他被指控偷钱。即时演练1单句语法填空(2017江苏高考改编)Hes been informed that he doesnt_qualify (not, qualify) for the scholarship because of his academic background.Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa, Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother taken (take) good care of at home.It is reported that a space station will_be_built (build) on the moon in years to come.Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way using (use) the sun and the stars.Experts believe that people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.My mom suggests that we should eat out for a change this weekend.Bill suggested holding (hold) a meeting on what to do for the Expo during the vacation.Tom refused to_help (help) her out of trouble.二、直接引语变为间接引语时，从句时态无需改变的情况1当直接引语为客观真理、自然现象以及谚语、格言时。Our teacher said to us, “Failure is the mother of success.”Our teacher told us that failure is the mother of success.2当直接引语部分带有具体的时间状语时。He introduced to us, “The singer was born in 1980.”He introduced to us that the singer was born in 1980.3当主句谓语动词是一般现在时或将来时态的时候。“Where is he really from？” I wonder.I wonder where he is really from.4强调所谈情况仍然存在。“China will launch another satellite.” The spokesperson announced.The spokesperson announced China will launch another satellite.5当直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could, had better等时。The doctor said, “Youd better drink plenty of water.”The doctor said Id better drink plenty of water.即时演练2用所给词的适当形式填空He told me that you had_stolen (steal) his money.The teacher said that light travels (travel) much faster than sound.I dont know when he will_come (come) at all.She reported that the next Olympic Games will_be_held (hold) in Tokyo in 2020.Mary said that she gets (get) up at six every morning.单句语法填空1Tiring as it might be, the military training is believed to_be (be) the best opportunity to make lifelong friends.2We promise whoever attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.3He said he hadnt_seen (not, see) his old friends for a long time.4The teacher said that two plus two is (be) four.5The moment I got home, my wife asked me whether/if I had been to the hospital.6It is reported that many people died in that car accident.7“Be careful with the dog，” said he.He warned me to_be (be) careful with the dog.8How dangerous drunkdriving is!Yes.We should try to persuade our families and friends never to_drive (drive) after drinking.9Tom told his teacher that he was (be) born in 1988.10As soon as he comes back, Ill tell him when you will_come (come) and see him.用下面括号中的动词把下列句子改成转述结构1Well close credit lines if you dont reduce the amount of carbon dioxide you produce. (threaten)They threatened_to_close our credit lines if we dont reduce the amount of carbo