2022年考博英语-厦门大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题The discussion was so prolonged and exhausting that _the speakers stopped for deferments.问题1选项A.at largeB.at intervalsC.at easeD.at random【答案】B【解析】at large详尽的, 整个的; at intervals不时, 时时; at ease安逸, 自由自在; at random随机地, 随意地。句意：讨论时间持续了很久, 使人精疲力竭, 发言者时不时停下来拖延时间。选项B符合句意。2. 单选题In most peoples mind, growth is associated with prosperity. We judge how well the economy is doing by the size of the Gross National Product (GNP), a measure, supposedly, of growth. Equally axiomatic, however, is the notion that increased pressure on dwindling natural resources must inevitably lead to a decline in prosperity, especially when accompanied by a growth in population. So, which is correct: growth means prosperity and no growth means adversity, or growth means adversity and no growth meanswhat?What growth advocates mean, primarily, when they say growth is necessary for prosperity is that growth is necessary for the smooth functioning of the economic system. In one arena the argument in favor of growth is particularly compelling and that is with regard to the Third World. To argue against growth, other than population growth, in light of Third World poverty and degradation seems callous, if not cruel, the pompous postulating of the comfortable and the secure. But is it? Could it be that growth, especially the growth of the wealthier countries, has contributed to the impoverishment, not the advancements of Third World countries? If not, how do we account tor the desperate straits these countries find themselves in today after a century of dedication to growth?To see how this might be the case we must look at the impact of growth on Third World countries - the reality, not the abstract stages-of-economic-growth nostrum propounded through rose-colored glasses by academicians of the developed world. What good is growth to the people of the Third World if it means the conversion of peasant farms into mechanized agri-businesses producing commodities not for local consumption but for export, if it means the stripping of their land of its mineral and arboreal treasures to the benefit of foreign investors and a handful of their local collaborators, if it means the assumption of a crushing foreign indebtedness, the proceeds of which goes not into the development of the country but into the purchase of luxury cars, the padding of Swiss bank accounts, and the buying of condominiums in Miami?Admittedly, this is an oversimplification, which applies to no country in its entirety and to some countries not at all. But the point, I believe, remains valid: that growth in underdeveloped countries cannot simply be judged in the abstract; it must be judged based on the true nature of growth in these societies, on who benefits and who is harmed on where growth is leading these people and where it has left them. When considered in this way, it just might be that in the present context growth is more detrimental to the well-being of the wretched of the earth than beneficial.So, do we need growth for prosperity? Only the adoption of zero growth can provide the answer. But that is a test not easily undertaken. Modern economies are incredibly complex phenomena, a tribute to mans ability to organize and a challenge to his ability to understanding. Anything that affects their functioning, such as a policy of zero growth, should not be proposed without a wary prudence and a self-doubting humility. But if the prospect of leaping into the economic unknown is fear-inspiring, equally so is the prospect of letting that fear prevent us from acting when the failure to act could mean untold misery for future generations and perhaps environmental catastrophes which threaten our very existence. 1.Which of the following statements does the author support?2.It is implied in Paragraphs 2 and 3 that（ ）.3.With regard to the economic development in Third World countries the author is actually saying that（ ） .4.The author seems to believe that prosperity（ ）.5.The answer of the author to the question Do we need growth for prosperity is （ ）.问题1选项A.Gross National Product is a safe measure for economic growth.B.Diminishing natural resources will prove harmful to the well-being of humanity.C.A decline in prosperity will inevitably lead to a growth in population.D.Growth in population will be a chief threat to economic prosperity.问题2选项A.the smooth functioning of the economic system is dependent on sustained prosperityB.economic growth has not contributed to the poverty of the Third World countriesC.growth in richer countries is achieved at the expense of the Third World countriesD.the stages of economic growth cannot be superseded or modified by social mechanisms问题3选项A.the people in these countries have not actually benefited from itB.inadequate investment has seriously affected the develo