填表说明和要求1、本科生阅读论文、资料的篇数一般不少于 10 篇（其中外文资料不少于 5 篇）。2、文献综述报告不少于 500 字。3、本科生开题报告一般在第八学期内进行。4、本科生的开题报告应不少于 1000 字，用英语书写，标题小三号字加黑，正文小四 号字，A4纸打印。5、此审批表要求用微机打印。6、此表作为试卷保存。、阅读文献一序号作者文章题目（书目）期刊名称（出版单位）、时间英文参考文献亠二f （三号字，宋体，加粗）1 Gao Wanquan, Symbolism in Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter J, Foreign LanguagesEducation and Research, 2003, 3: 23-25.2 Hawthorne Nathaniel, The Scarlet Letter M, USA, Bantam Books, 1981.3 Shi Lin, Hester Prynne in The Scarlet Letter J, Journal of Shaanxi Normal University,2004, 10: 11-13.4 Xiang Weiyi, The Justification of the Unjustifiable in Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter J,Journal of Lanzhou University, 2000, 2: 19-20.5 Ye Chunli, Hawthornes Thoughts in The Scarlet Letter J, Journal of Bingtuan EducationInstitute, 2000, 3: 5-8.6 Zhang Tao, Hawthorne and His Works J, Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University,1999, 6: 15-16.7 Zhu Hang, On the Application of Dialogic Theorem to The Scarlet Letter J, Journal ofInner Mongolia College of Education, 2000, 4: 15-17.8 Zhu Jinrui, The Puritan Flavour-comment on The Scarlet Letter J, Journal of Changji小 四号字，英文Times New Roman,数字Times New Roman; 行距：单倍行距；特殊格式：悬挂缩进：度量值个字符）University, 2002, 3: 8-12.中文参考文献1 田俊武论霍桑红字中的人名寓意研究J.外国文学研究，1999, 1： 99-103.2 刘国枝郑庆庆.论红字中荒野的象征与原型J.外国文学研究，2004, 1： 104-108.3 任晓晋魏玲.红字中象征与原型的模糊性、多义性和矛盾性J.外国文学 研究，2000, 1： 121-125.4 肖依虎潘翠琼.论霍桑红字中“A”的象征意义J.高等函授学报，2000, 5： 15-17.洪流.论红字“A”的象征意义J.华东冶金学院学报，1999, 4： 10-11.6 曾方.红字序言与小说的艺术特点J.外国文学评论，1991, 4：29-32.7 胡尚田论红字中的红字J.四川外语学院学报，1999, 4： 18-21.注：可加附页二、文献综述报告（不少于500字）主要内容（对文献进行归纳总结、分类评价，初拟选题范围）The references on The Scarlet Letter and symbolism can be concluded as several aspects:Firstly, it is about The Scarlet Letter . The Scarlet Letter is the first symbolic novel in American literature and takes an important place in world literature. And it makes the American writer Nathaniel Hawthorne known all around the world. Therefore, because of its importance, it has been studied by a lot of scholars . These scholars study this novel from different aspects, such as the importance of the novel and the symbolism in The Scarlet Letter.The most important symbol that is carried throughout the novel is undoubtedly the scarlet letter A. It initially symbolizes the immoral act of adultery, but by the end of the novel the A has hidden much more meaning than that . It symbolizes the character Hester Prynnes mood, “alone and alienation”. And at last, it means “able, admirable and angel” in peoples eyes.In this novel, there are other symbols, just like the characters names, Pearl, Hester Prynne, Arthur Dimmesdale and Roger Chillingworth that are discussed by the writers often. Meanwhile, some objects are mentioned more often in some thesis, such as the scaffold, forest, colors and so on.Secondly, it is the symbolism. Symbolism is an important method of literature. It is the systematic or creative use of arbitrary symbols as abstracted representations of concepts or objects and the distinct relationships in between, as they define both context and the narrower definition of terms. Therefore, it is the subject of scholars research. And most of the scholars study symbolism in The Scarlet Letter. Because in The Scarlet Letter, there are a lot of symbols and methods to research.Reputed as “the first symbolism novel in America , Nathaniel Hawthornes masterpiece The Scarlet Letter takes an important place in world literature. The success of this work owes much to Hawthornes distinctive means of artful creation, one of which is the employment of symbolism. The present thesis is devoted to analyzing and researching the symbolic meaning and symbolic skill used in The Scarlet Letter. Thereby a more insightful approach is offered for a better understanding of the work through demonstrating how the symbols contribute to developing the theme. By way of analyzing the symbolic meaning and demonstrating how the symbols contribute to developing the theme, the thesis aims to lay bear the fact that the root of social evil is the Puritanism in the society of The Scarlet Letter.The researchers have studied The Scarlet Letter in a lot of aspects . At present, I will study the symbolism in The Scarlet Letter. First, I will stress the different symbolic meanings of the scarlet letter “A” . Second, I will study the symbolic meanings of the characters names . Third, some objects are my aims . Through analyzing the symbolism in The Scarlet Letter, better comprehension of Nathaniel Hawthornes real thought can be achieved .小四号字，Times New Roman,综述人签字.（手写）2010年 月 日行距：单倍行距；特殊格式：首行缩进.度量值：2个字符） 拟定学位论文题目三、开题报告（不少于1000字）字号可根据字数多少调节，居 中，可分为2行The Scarlet Lettmd Symbolism学位论文框架：I Purpose of the Study：小二号字，Times New Roman,加粗This thesis is devoted to analyzing and researching the symbolic meaning and symbolic skill used in The Scarl