2022年考博英语-西南交通大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题Although he has had no formal education, he is one of the（ ）businessmen in the company.问题1选项A.shrewdestB.sternestC.nastiestD.alertest【答案】A【解析】句意:尽管他没有接受过正规的教育，但是他是这家公司里最精明的商人之一。考查形容词辨析。选项均为对应形容词的最高级。shrewdest 最精明的；最狡猾的；sternest 最严厉的; 最坚定的；nastiest最讨厌的：最下流的：alertest最警觉的。根据前半句句意可知A项符合句意。2. 翻译题Directions: Translate the following sentences into English and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1.由于生产这类产品需要大量的设备和高水平的技术，因此我们要寻求实力雄厚的大公司的合作，使样品尽快转化为商品。2.二十世纪向二十一世纪的过渡时期，恰好为美国的教育事业提供了一个重温历史，重新对科学承担义务的机会。3.人们必须十分重视良好的饮食习惯，虽说正确的饮食习惯不能根除世界上的癌症，但它 有利于减少患癌症的风险。4.虽然主要是母亲决定了配偶中吸引我们的品质，但却是父亲影响我们如何与异性接触。5.我们现在必须摆脱头脑中的一个观念，即认为唯有在工作中“晋升”才是获得认可和 更高收入的方向。【答案】1. Since the production of such products requires a large amount of equipment and high level of technology, we should look for big and strong companies to work with us to commercialize the specimen as early as possible.2. It is a good opportunity for the United States to review history and regain scientific duty during the transition from 20th century to 21st century.3. People must pay great attention to good eating habits. Although the right diet will not eradicate cancer in the world, it can help reduce the risk of cancer.4. While it is primarily the mother who determines the qualities that attract us in a mate, it is the father who influences how we interact with the opposite sex.5. We must now get rid of the idea that promotion at work is a way to obtain recognition and higher pay.3. 单选题Japanese firms have achieved the highest levels of manufacturing efficiency in the world automobile industry. Some observers of Japan have assumed that Japanese firms use the same manufacturing equipments and techniques as United States firms, but have benefited from the unique characteristics of Japanese employees and the Japanese culture. However, if this were true, then one would expect Japanese auto plants in the United States to perform no better than factories run by United States companies. This is not the case. Japanese-run automobile plants located in the United States and staffed by local workers have demonstrated higher levels of productivity when compared with factories owned by United States companies.Other observers link high Japanese productivity to higher levels of capital investment per worker. But a historical perspective leads to a different conclusion. When the two top Japanese automobile makers matched and then doubled United States productivity levels in the mid-sixties, capital investment per employee was comparable to that of United States firms. Furthermore, by the late seventies, the amount of fixed assets required to produce one vehicle was roughly equivalent in Japan and in the United States. Since capital investment was not higher in Japan, it had to be other factors that led to higher productivity.A more fruitful explanation may lie with Japanese production techniques. Japanese automobile producers did not simply implement conventional processes more effectively: they made critical changes in United States procedures. For instance, the mass-production philosophy of United States automakers encouraged the production of huge lots of cars in order to utilize fully expensive, component-specific equipment and to occupy fully workers who have been trained to execute one operation efficiently. Japanese automakers chose to make small-lot production feasible by introducing several departures from United States practices, including the use of flexible equipment that could be altered easily to do several different production tasks and the training of workers in multiple jobs. Automakers could schedule the production of different components or models on single machines, thereby eliminating the need to store the buffer stocks of extra components that result when specialized equipment and workers are kept constantly active.1.The primary purpose of the passage is to（ ）.2.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true of Japanese automobile workers?3.Which of the following best describes the organization of the first paragraph?4.What is the problem that is associated with the production of huge lots of cars is which of the following?5.Which of the following statements is supported by information stated in the passage?问题1选项A.present the major steps of a processB.clarify an ambiguityC.chronicle a disputeD.correct misconceptions问题2选项A.Their productivity levels did not equal those of United States automobile workers until the late seventies.B.Their high efficiency levels are a direct result of cultural influences.C.They operate component-specific machinery.D.They are trained to do more than one job.问题3选项A.A topical theme is presented followed by supporting examples.B.Opposing views are presented, classified and then reconciled.C.A fact is stated,