2022年考博英语-西北师范大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题Bob is so（ ）to his appearance that he never has his clothes pressed or his shoes shined.问题1选项A.hardyB.intenseC.indifferentD.bewildered【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项hardy“坚强的”；B选项intense“强烈的”；C选项indifferent“不关心的”；D选项bewildered“困惑的”。句意：鲍勃对自己的外表漠不关心，他从不熨衣服或擦鞋。本句表示对外表不在意、漠不关心。因此C选项正确。2. 单选题Which is safer-staying at home, traveling to work on public transport, or working in the office? Surprisingly, each of these carries the same risk, which is very low. However, what about flying compared to working in the chemical industry? Unfortunately, the former is 65 times riskier than the latter! In fact, the accident rate of workers in the chemical industry is less than that of almost any of human activity, and almost as safe as staying at home.The trouble with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death to those living nearby. It is this which makes chemical accidents so newsworthy. Fortunately, they are extremely rare. The most famous ones happened at Texas City (1947), Flixborough (1974), Seveso (1976), Pemex (1984) and Bhopal (1984).Some of these are always in the minds of the people even though the loss of life was small. No one died at Seveso, and only 28 workers at Flixborough. The worst accident of all was Bhopal, where up to 3,000 were killed. The Texas City explosion of fertilizer killed 552. The Pemex fire at a storage plant for natural gas in the suburbs of Mexico City took 542 lives, just a month before the unfortunate event at Bhopal.Some experts have discussed these accidents and used each accident to illustrate a particular danger. Thus the Texas City explosion was caused by tons of ammonium nitrate (硝酸铵), which is safe unless stored in great quantity. The Flixborough fireball was the fault of management, which took risks to keep production going during essential repairs. The Seveso accident shows what happens if the local authorities lack knowledge of the danger on their doorstep. When the poisonous gas drifted over the town, local leaders were incapable of taking effective action. The Pemex fire was made worse by an overloaded site in an overcrowded suburb. The fire set off a chain reaction of exploding storage tanks. Yet, by a miracle, the two largest tanks did not explode. Had these caught fire, then 3,000 strong rescue team and fire fighters would all have died.1. Which of the following statements is true?2.Chemical accidents are usually important enough to be reported as news because（ ）.3.According to passage, the chemical accident that caused by the fault of management happened at（ ）.4.From the passage we know that ammonium nitrate is a kind of（ ）.5.From the discussion among some experts we may conclude that（ ）.问题1选项A.Working at the office is safer than staying at home.B.Travelling to work on public transport is safer than working at the office.C.Staying at home is safer than working in the chemical industry.D.Working in the chemical industry is safer than traveling by air.问题2选项A.they are very rareB.they often cause loss of lifeC.they always occur in big citiesD.they arouse the interest of all the readers问题3选项A.Texas cityB.FlixboroughC.SevesoD.Mexico City问题4选项A.natural gas, which can easily catch fireB.fertilizer, which cant be stored in a great quantityC.poisonous substance, which cant be used in overcrowded areasD.fuel, which is stored in large tanks问题5选项A.to avoid any accidents we should not repair the facilities in chemical industryB.the local authorities should not be concerned with the production of the chemical industryC.all these accidents could have been avoided or controlled if effective measure had been takenD.natural gas stored in very large tanks is always safe【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:B第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.客观细节题。由D选项关键词“chemical industry”可以定位到文章第一段第三、四句However, what about flying compared to working in the chemical industry? Unfortunately, the former is 65 times riskier than the latter!（然而，坐飞机和在化工行业工作相比怎么样呢？不幸的是，前者的风险是后者的65倍！），说明在化工行业工作比坐飞机更安全。因此D选项“在化工行业工作比坐飞机更安全。”正确。A选项“在办公室工作比待在家里更安全”，B选项“乘公共交通工具去上班比在办公室工作更安全”，由原文可知待在家里、乘坐公共交通工具上班和在办公室工作的风险是相同的，没有谁比谁更安全，所以A，B错误。由第一段最后一句the accident rate of workers in the chemical industry is less than that of almost any of human activity, and almost as safe as staying at home（化工行业工人的事故率比几乎任何人类活动都要低，几乎和待在家里一样安全），说明化工行业和待在家里一样安全，所以C选项“待在家里比在化工行业工作更安全”错误。2.客观细节题。由题干关键词“reported as news”可以定位到文章第二段第一、二句The trouble with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death to those living nearby. It is this which makes chemical accidents so newsworthy.（化工行业的问题是，一旦出现问题，往往会导致附近居民死亡。这也使得化学事故具有新闻价值。），说明新闻报道化学事故是因为它们会导致人员死亡。因此B选项“它们经常造成生命损失”正确。A选项“它们非常罕见”，C选项“它们总是发生在大城市”，D选项“它们引起了所有读者的兴趣”在文中均没有提及，所以A，C，D错误。3.客观细节题。由题干关键词“fault of management”可以定位到文章第四段第三句The Flixborough fireball was the fault of ma