2022年考博英语-首都师范大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题They have considered their high standard of living a (n) （ ）for practicing their basic beliefs.问题1选项A.awardB.rewardC.resultD.consequence【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。award 奖，奖品；reward 回报，奖赏，常与for搭配；result结果； consequence后果。句意：他们认为自己的高生活水准是对他们践行基本信仰的一种回报。由空格前后部分的句意可知B项符合题意。答案B2. 单选题Most people who travel long distances complaining of jetlag. Jetlag makes business travelers less productive and more prone（1）making mistakes. It is actually caused by（2）of your body clock - a small cluster of brain cells that controls the timing of biological（3）. The body clock is designed for a（4）rhythm of daylight and darkness, so it is thrown out of balance when it（5）daylight and darkness at the “wrong times in a new time zone. The（6）of jetlag often persist for days（7）the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone.Now a new anti-jetlag system is（8） that is based on proven（9）pioneering scientific research. Dr. Martin Moore-Ede has（10）a practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner to the new time zone（11）controlled exposure to bright light. The time zone shift is easy to accomplish and eliminates（12）of the discomfort of jetlag.A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact time to either（13） or avoid bright light. Exposure to light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse. The（14）schedule for light exposure depends a great deal on（15）travel planes.Data on a specific flight itinerary and the individuals sleep（16）are used to produce a Trip Guide with（17）on exactly when to be exposed to bright light.When the trip Guide calls（18）bright light you should spend time outdoors if possible. If it is dark outside or the weather is bad, or you are on an airplane, you can use a special light（19）to provide the necessary light（20）for a range of activities such as reading, watching TV or working.问题1选项A.forB.fromC.toD.or问题2选项A.ruptureB.corruptionC.eruptionD.disruption问题3选项A.actionsB.functionsC.reflectionD.behavior问题4选项A.regularB.formalC.continualD.circular问题5选项A.retainsB.encountersC.possessesD.experiences问题6选项A.diseasesB.symptomsC.signsD.defects问题7选项A.whileB.whereasC.untilD.although问题8选项A.adaptableB.approachableC.availableD.agreeable问题9选项A.broadB.inclusiveC.tentativeD.extensive问题10选项A.devisedB.witnessedC.scrutinizedD.visualized问题11选项A.atB.throughC.inD.as问题12选项A.leastB.mostC.littleD.more问题13选项A.attainB.shedC.retrieveD.seek问题14选项A.tightB.rightC.properD.very问题15选项A.uniqueB.specificC.complicatedD.peculiar问题16选项A.normB.modeC.patternD.style问题17选项A.directoriesB.instructionsC.specificationsD.commentaries问题18选项A.offB.onC.forD.up问题19选项A.deviceB.serviceC.measurementD.year问题20选项A.agitationB.spurC.accelerationD.stimulus【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:D第4题:A第5题:D第6题:B第7题:C第8题:C第9题:D第10题:A第11题:B第12题:B第13题:D第14题:B第15题:B第16题:C第17题:B第18题:C第19题:A第20题:D【解析】第1题:考查固定搭配。be prone to “有的倾向，易于”第2题:考查名词辨析。句意：由于生物钟紊乱导致低效以及易出错。disruption扰乱。第3题:考查名词辨析。biological action生物作用； biological behavior生物活动。句意：生物钟控制生命活动的时间安排。第4题:考查形容词辨析。regular定期的，有规律的； formal正式的；continual继续的； circular循环的。句意：生物钟是用来调节白天和黑夜的规律的。故答案A第5题:考查动词辨析。 retain保留；encounter遭遇，遇到；possess拥有；experience经历。句意：在一个新时区里，当生物钟在一个错误的时间经历白天和黑夜时，就会失去平衡。第6题:考查名词辨析。句意：生物钟紊乱这种症状经常持续故答案B第7题:考查连词辨析。句意：生物钟紊乱这种症状经常持续，直到生物钟适应了新的时区。故C项符合句意。第8题:考查形容词辨析。此处意为：现有的能够抵抗生物钟紊乱的新系统是 “available可获得的”符合题意。adaptable 适合的，能适应的；approachable亲切友善的，易理解的；agreeable令人愉快的，和蔼可亲的。第9题:考查形容词辨析。broad“宽广的”，inclusive“包含的”，tentative“试验性的，尝试的，暂时性的”；extensive“广泛的，大规模的”。此处意为：基于大量的科学研究第10题:考查动词辨析。句意：Dr. Martin想出了一种实用的策略 devise设计，想出； witness目击，证明 ；scrutinize详细检查； visualize形象化，想象。第11题:考查介词辨析。此处意为通过接触明亮的光线第12题:考查副词辨析。联系上下文可知答案B第13题:考查动词辨析。由or 可知此处为并列或相反关系，seek和avoid构成一对反义词 。第14题:考查形容词辨析。句意：正确接受光照的时间很大程度上取决于第15题:考查形容词辨析。句意：正确接受光照的时间很大程度上取决于具体乘坐哪一班航班。第16题:考查名词辨析。sleep pattern睡眠模式，睡眠规律。第17题:考查名词辨析。根据下文内容可知，此处意为：什么时候暴露在阳光下的说明。第18题:考查固定搭配。此处意为：当说明/指南需要你接受光照的时候第19题:考查名词辨析。此处意为：用一种特殊的光照装置来产生必要的光照。第20题:考查名词辨析。此处意为：用特殊的装置提供必要的光刺激。agitation 搅动，煽动； spur 激励； acceleration加速，促进；stimulus刺激、激励。3. 单选题If sustainable competitive advantage depends on work-force skills, American firms have a problem. Human-resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in the United States. Skill acquisition is considered an individual responsibility. Labor is simply a