2022年考博英语-燕山大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more at _.问题1选项A.lossB.stakeC.dangerD.threat【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项loss“损失”；B选项stake“（在公司、计划等中的）重大利害关系”，at stake“得失都可能；有风险”；C选项danger“危险”；D选项threat“威胁，恐吓；凶兆”。句意：农民比城市里的人更渴望雨水，因为他们面临着更多_。根据语境，这里指的是没有下雨的话，农民比城市里的人面临更多不确定因素，结合短语at stake“得失都可能；有风险”，B选项stake“（在公司、计划等中的）重大利害关系”符合题意。因此B选项正确。2. 单选题Nobody believes he made such a foolish mistake. People say he is very _.问题1选项A.experienceB.careerC.accurateD.actual【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项experience“经验；阅历”；B选项career“职业生涯”；C选项accurate“正确无误的；精确的”；D选项actual“实际的；（强调事情最重要的部分）真正的”。句意：没有人相信他犯了这样一个愚蠢的错误。因为人们认为他非常_。根据语境，这里指的是在别人眼中，他做事不会行差踏错，C选项accurate“正确无误的；精确的”符合题意，指的是他非常可靠。因此C选项正确。3. 单选题We all _ your coming to help us.问题1选项A.appropriateB.appreciateC.admitD.affect【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项appropriate“盗用；拨（专款等）”；B选项appreciate“欣赏；感激”；C选项admit“承认（不好、不快或尴尬的事实）”；D选项affect“（感情上）深深打动；使悲伤（或怜悯等）”。句意：我们都_你来帮助我们。根据语境，这里帮助对应的应该是B选项appreciate“欣赏；感激”。因此B选项正确。4. 单选题Im acting as _ while the manager is away on business.问题1选项A.agencyB.policyC.deputyD.colleague【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项agency“（尤指）代理机构，经销机构；（政府的）专门机构”；B选项policy“政策”；C选项deputy“副手；代理人”；D选项colleague“同事”。句意：经理出差时，由我_。根据语境，这里指经理不在的时候，我来完成他的工作，C选项deputy“副手；代理人”符合题意。因此C选项正确。5. 单选题_ the use of nickel in 1835, spoons and forks were made mainly of silver.问题1选项A.At the time ofB.AfterC.Prior toD.Superior to【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项At the time of“在时候”；B选项After“在之后”；C选项Prior to“在之前”；D选项Superior to“优于”。句意：在1835年使用镍_，勺子和叉子主要是用银制作的。根据语境，横线处需要表示时间关系，这里指的是在没有用镍制作勺子和叉子之前，主要是用银来制作，C选项Prior to“在之前”符合题意。因此C选项正确。6. 翻译题(1) Educating girls quite possibly outputs a higher rate of return than any other investment available in the developing world. Womens education may be unusual territory for economists but enhancing womens contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social issue. And economics with its emphasis on incentives (激励), provides guideposts that point to an explanation for why so many girls are deprived of an education.Parents in low-income countries fall to invest in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family girls grow up only to many into somebody elses family and bear children. (2) Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and are kept at home to do housework while their broths are sent to schoolthe prophecy (预言) becomes self-fulfilling tapping women in vicious circle (恶性循环) of neglect.(3) An educated mother, on the other hand, has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices. She is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can insist on the development of all her children, ensuring that her daughters are given a fair chance. (4) The education of her daughters then makes it much more likely that the next generation of girls, as well as of boys, will be educated and healthy. The vicious circle is thus transformed into a virtuous circle.(5) Few will dispute that educating women has great social benefits. But it has enormous economic advantages as well. Most obviously, there is the direct effect of education on the wages of female workers. Wages rise by 10 to 20 percent for each additional year of schooling. Such big returns are impressive by the standard of other available investments, but they are just the beginning. Educating women also has a significant impact on health practices, including family planning.【答案】1. 在发展中国家，教育女孩很可能比其他任何投资都能产生更高的回报率。2. 因此，人们认为女孩不如男孩有价值，女孩被留在家里做家务，而她们的兄弟则被送去上学。这个预言自我应验，让女性陷入被忽视的恶性循环。3. 另一方面，受过良好教育的母亲在外挣钱的能力更强，并且面临着完全不同的选择。4. 她女儿受到的教育使下一代女孩更有可能和男孩一样，受到教育并且健康。5. 几乎没有人会对女性受教育具有巨大的社会效益提出异议，而这也具有巨大的经济效益。7. 单选题These books, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you _ you need.问题1选项A.all of informationB.all of the informationsC.all the informationD.all the informations【答案】C【解析】【试题解析】考查名词用法。句意：你可以在任何书店买到这些书，它们会给你所需要的所有信息。根据语境，这里特指“你所需要的信息”，information前面应该加定冠词the，C选项all the information符合题意。all the information相当于all of the information，A选项all of information缺定冠词；B选项all of the informations和D选项all the informations中不需要名词所有格。因此C选项正确。8. 单选题The alcohol intake of Greeks is also modest _ European terms, but theyre the biggest smokers in the 15-country bloc, _ up eight times a day for every man, woman and child.问题1选项A.during, lightedB.in, lightingC.for, lightedD.as, lighting【答案】B【解析】【试题解析】考查固定搭配与非谓语动词。句意：在欧洲，希腊人的饮酒量也不算高，但他们却是15国中吸烟人数最多的国家，男女老少平均每天要抽8次烟。根据固定搭配in terms of“在方面，从角度”，确定第一根横线用介词in；第二根横线考查非谓语动词，其逻辑主语和本句的主语一致，动作是主语主动发出，确定用现在分词lighting，B选项in, lighting符合题意。因此B选项正确。9. 单选题