本科毕业论文(设计)题目： Lexical Fossilization in Semantic Category 学院： 班级：姓名： 指导教师： 职称： 完成日期： 年 月 日16Lexical Fossilization in Semantic CategoryAbstract : Nowadays, fossilization phenomena have been paid much attention to by many researchers, because it is an inevitable topic in the study of second language acquisition. Based on the authors diligent research, it is observed that many second language learners are hard to obtain an obvious progress after studying English for a long time, no matter how hard they work. This is actually a kind of fossilization phenomena，which often makes second language learners feel tough and perplexing, and also causes “time-consuming more, yielding results low” phenomena. The phenomena may occur in all linguistic aspects such as phonological fossilization, lexical fossilization, pragmatic fossilization etc. Lexis, as the base of a language, consists of its most important part. Therefore lexical fossilization is crucial to the study of fossilization.In this thesis, the author probes into the lexical fossilization in semantic category. The essay is based on the researchers previous study about lexical semantics and some typical examples. By analyzing some objective causes of fossilization phenomena in lexical aspect, the author tries to find out the effective ways to prevent the fossilized errors in order to improve our English learning, such as providing accurate and appropriate L2 Input., turning to bilingual dictionary, getting acquainted to cultural background. The thesis consists of the following four parts: In the first part, the author firstly tries to introduce the background information of the fossilization phenomena and then discusses the significance of this study. In the second part, the author presents the literature review of fossilization phenomena in SLA, makes a brief description of the definition of fossilization and some related terms on fossilization. In the third part, with some typical examples, the author illustrates some certain manifestation of lexical fossilization in semantic category, and then discusses some objective causes of fossilization phenomena from the three aspects, namely, the influence of geographical environment, the influence of cultural background, the meaning of a word keeps updating. Besides that, the author tries to find out some effective ways to prevent the fossilized errors in lexical learning. In the fourth part, the author arrives at a conclusion of the whole thesis and points out the direction of further studies. Key Words : fossilization phenomena； lexis； semanticContentIntroduction :1Literature Review:21 General Introduction of Fossilization32 Manifestation of Fossilization in semantic category42.1 English Semantic Meaning Partly Similar to Chinese52.2 English Semantic Meanings Different From Chinese62.3 Semantic Meaning Only in English or Chinese73 The Cause of Fossilization73.1 The Influence of Geographical Environments83.2 The Influence of Culture Background93.3 The Meaning of a Word Keeps Updating104 Some Tentative Methods to Reduce Fossilization104.1 To Provide Accurate L2 Input104.2 Turn to Bilingual Dictionary114.3 Get Acquainted to Cultural Background114.4 To Renew Vocabulary12Conclusion12References:13Introduction : Selinker first defined the term “fossilization” as “the long term persistence of plateaus of non-target-like structures in the inter-language of non-native speakers (even those who are very fluent speakers of the L2) has been called fossilization”. Over the past 30 years or so, many researchers and linguists have made various careful studies on fossilization phenomena , which is an inevitable topic in the study of second language acquisition, and they have achieved a lot of insights in the studies and contributed greatly to foreign language teaching and learning. Learners suffer from a variety of manifestation of fossilization in different degree, especially in lexical semantics fossilization aspect. Lexis, as the base of a language, consists of its most important part. Only with it can a language exist and develop. In our country, generally a vocabulary chart is attached in an English teaching material, and one or several Chinese equivalents are followed by every single word. In this situation, when students try to remember the English words, they bear the so-called corresponding Chinese meaning in mind, and store them in the brain. Consequently when an English word is referred, they would reflect the limited and superficial meaning spontaneously. As time passes, deeply-rooted fossilization comes into being.Fossilization is a serious problem to the English learners. If we dont take it into consideration we may keep stil