2022年考博英语-东北师范大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Frances （ ）of nuclear testing in the South Pacific last month triggered political debates and mass demonstrations.问题1选项A.assumptionB.consumptionC.resumptionD.presumption【答案】C【解析】句意: 上个月法国恢复在南太平洋的核试验引起了政治辩论和群众的抗议。形近词辨析。Assumption假定，假设; consumption消费; resumption恢复; presumption推测，假定。因此C符合句意。2. 单选题At some time in your life you may have a strong desire to do something strange or terrible. However, chances are that you dont act on your impulse, but let it pass instead. You know that to commit the action is wrong in some way and that other people will not accept your behavior.Perhaps the most interesting thing about the phenomenon of taboo behavior is how it can change over the years within the same society, how certain behavior and attitudes once considered taboo can become perfectly acceptable and natural at another point in time. Topics such as death, for example were once considered so upsetting and unpleasant that it was a taboo to even talk about them. Now with the publication of important books such as On Death and Dying and Learning to Say Goodbye, people have become more aware of the importance of expressing feelings about death and, as a result, are more willing to talk about this taboo subject.One of the newest taboos in American society is the topic of fat. Unlike many other taboos, fat is topic that Americans talk about constantly. Its not taboo to talk about fat; its taboo to be fat. The “in” look is thin, not fat. In the work world most companies prefer youthful-looking, trim executives to sell their image as well as their products to the public. The thin look is associated with youth, vigor, and success. The fat person, on the other hand, is thought of as lazy and lacking in energy, self-discipline, and self-respect. In an image-conscious society like the U.S., thin is in, fat is out.Its not surprising, then, that millions of Americans have become obsessed with staying slim and in shape. The pursuit of a youthful physical appearance is not, however, the sole reason for Americas fascination with diet and exercise. Recent research has shown the critical importance of diet and exercise for personal-health. As in most technologically developed nations, the life-style of North Americans has changed dramatically during the course of the last century. Modem machines do all the physical labor that people were once forced to do by hand. Cars and buses transport us quickly from point to point. As a result of inactivity and disuse, peoples bodies can easily become weak and vulnerable to disease. In an effort to avoid such a fate, millions of Americans are spending more of their time exercising.1.From the passage we can infer taboo is （ ）.2.Based on the ideas presented in the passage we can conclude “being fat” in American society（ ）.3.The topic of fat is many other taboo subjects（ ）.4.In the U.S., thin is “in” fat is “out”，this means（ ）.5.Apart from this new understanding of the correlation between health and exercise, the main reason the passage gives for why so many Americans are exercising regularly is （ ）.问题1选项A.a strong desire to do something strange or terribleB.a crime committed on impulseC.behavior considered unacceptable in societys eyesD.an unfavorable impression left on other people问题2选项A.will always remain a tabooB.is not considered a taboo by most peopleC.has long been a tabooD.may no longer be a taboo someday问题3选项A.the same asB.different fromC.more popular thanD.less often talked about than问题4选项A.this is “inside”，fat is “outside”B.thin is “diligent”，fat is “lazy”C.thin is “youthfill”，fat is “spiritless”D.thin is “fashionable”，fat is “unfashionable”问题5选项A.their changed life-styleB.their eagerness to stay thin and youthfulC.their appreciation of the importance of exerciseD.the encouragement they have received from their companies【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:B第4题:D第5题:B【解析】1.判断推理题。关于taboo的解释在第一段: You know that to commit the action is wrong in some way and that other people will not accept your behavior (你知道，这样的行为从某种意义上说是不对的，并且其他人不会接受)。故选C (社会认为不可接受的行为)。2.判断推理题。第二段指出: Perhaps the most interesting thing about the phenomenon of taboo behavior is how it can change over the years within the same society, how certain behavior and attitudes once considered taboo can become perfectly acceptable and natural at another point in time。因此文章认为一些过去不被人们认同的现象以及一些禁忌，通常在经过一段时间后会慢慢地被 人们接受。故选D。3.细节事实题。根据题干关键词many other taboo subjects定位至第三段: Unlike many other taboos, fat is topic that Americans talk about constantly (和其他的禁忌不同，肥胖的话题是美国人一直在讨论着的)。故选B。4.判断推理题。根据题干关键词thin is “in” fat is “out”定位至第三段最后一句, 这段表明了美国社会对瘦的追求,对肥胖的贬斥。由此推测答案选D。5.细节事实题。由文章最后一段可知, 美国人锻炼身体一方面是为了保持苗条的身材和年轻的外形，另一方面还在于锻炼身体和保持身体健康之间的关系。故选B.3. 单选题Im sorry （ ）so long. I forgot