2022年考博英语-西北师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Lying here in the sun is a very pleasant way to（ ）the afternoon.问题1选项A.give awayB.pass awayC.while awayD.fade away【答案】C【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项give away“分发”；B选项pass away“去世”；C选项while away“消磨”；D选项fade away“减弱”。句意：躺在这里晒太阳是一种令人愉快的消磨下午时间的方式。本句表示消磨时间。因此C选项正确。2. 单选题Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she（ ）much better results now.问题1选项A.would be gettingB.could have gotC.must getD.would get【答案】D【解析】考查错综虚拟语气。从句是对过去事实的虚拟，省略了if，因此为倒装形式；主句是对现在情况的虚拟，因此主句用would do结构。句意：如果朱迪在数学考试时能更加认真的话，她现在就会得到一个更好的分数。因此D选项正确。3. 翻译题我国先秦思想家就提出了“亲仁善邻，国之宝也”的思想，反映了自古以来中国人民就希望天下太平、同各国人民友好相处。今天，专心致志进行现代化建设的中国人民，更需要有一个长期的和平国际环境和良好的周边环境。我国的对外政策，是以和平为宗旨的。我们坚持在和平共处五项原则，特别是在相互尊重、平等互利、互不干涉内政的原则基础上，同世界各国建立和发展友好合作关系。我们绝不会把自己曾经遭受欺凌的苦难加之于人。中国的发展与进步，不会对任何人构成威胁。将来中国富强起来了，也永远不称霸。中国始终是维护世界和平与地区稳定的坚定力量。【答案】As early as in the pre-Qin Dynasty, Chinese thinkers put forward the idea of “benevolence and good neighborliness are the treasures of a country”, which reflects the Chinese peoples desire for world peace and friendly relations with people of all countries since ancient times. Today, the Chinese people, dedicated to modernization, need more than ever a long-term peaceful international environment and a good surrounding environment. Chinas foreign policy is based on peace. We are committed to establishing and developing friendly relations and cooperation with other countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, especially the principles of mutual respect, equality, mutual benefit and mutual non-involvement in each others internal affairs. We will never inflict on others the hardships we have suffered from bullying. Chinas development and progress will pose no threat to anyone. In the future, when China becomes rich and strong, it will never claim hegemony either. China will always be a staunch force for world peace and regional stability.4. 单选题Our association, which has consistently pressed for greater employment opportunities for the disabled, will publish,（ ）proposals in the near future.问题1选项A.theirB.ourC.hisD.its【答案】D【解析】考查代词的用法。从association后的定语从句可以看出，这里的association是作为一个整体概念出现的，因此谓语用单数形式has pressed，那么后面对应的形容词性物主代词也应该表示单数概念，A选项their“他们的”，B选项our“我们的”是复数概念，排除A，B。association是物不是人，C选项his“他的”用来指人，D选项its“它的”用来指物。因此D选项正确。5. 单选题The Boston Marathon is an annual marathon sporting event hosted by the city of Boston, Massachusetts, on Patriots Day, the third Monday of April. Begun in 1897 and inspired by the success of the first modern-day marathon competition in the 1896 Summer Olympics, the Boston Marathon is the worlds oldest annual marathon and ranks as one of the worlds most well-known road racing events. The marathon is one of five members of the World Marathon Majors.The event attracts an average of about 20,000 registered participants each year. In the 100th running of the Boston Marathon in 1996, the number of participants reached 38,000. While there are cash prizes awarded to the winners of the marathon, most of the runners participate for the accomplishment of having run the race at all.The Boston Marathon was originally a local event, but its fame and status have attracted runners from all over the world. For most of its history, the Boston Marathon was a free event, and the only prize awarded for winning the race was a wreath woven from olive branches. However, corporate-sponsored cash prizes began to be awarded in the 1980s, when professional athletes began to refuse to run the race without cash awards. The first cash prize for winning the marathon was awarded in 1986.Women were not allowed to enter the Boston Marathon officially until 1972. Roberta (Bobbi) Gibb is recognized as the first woman to run the entire Boston Marathon (in 1966). In 1967, Kathrine Switzer, who had registered as “K. V. Switzer”, was the first woman to run with a race number. She finished, despite a celebrated incident in which race official Jock Semple tried to rip off her numbers and eject her from the race. In 1996 the B.A.A retroactively recognized as champions the unofficial womens leaders of 1966 through 1971.In recent years, critics have pointed to the dominance of foreign-born athletes in the event (especially runners from Kenya) to back their arguments that American professional running is lagging behind the rest of the world in terms of producing quality athletes. However, foreign dominance of the race is nothing new. Between 1946 and 1967 only one American (John J. Kelley in 1957) won the marathon in an era when Finland and Japan were the distance powerhouses.The Boston Marathon is open to all runners, male and female, from any nation, but they must meet certain qualifying standards. To qualify, a runner must first complete a standard marathon course certified by a national governing body affiliated with the International Association of Athlet