2007年6月四级真题：2010年6月2007年12月大学英语4级阅读真题部分 详细答案请见下篇 2007年6月四级真题话题：2007年6月四级真题 心理治疗 京都2010年6月大学英语四级考试真题PartReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.CaughtintheWebAfewmonthsago,itwasntunusualfor47-year-oldCarlaToebetospend15hoursperdayonline.Shedwakeupearly,turnonherlaptopandchatonInternetdatingsitesandinstant-messagingprogramsleavingherbedforonlybriefintervals.Herhouseholdbillspiledup,alongwiththedishesanddirtylaundry,butittooknear-constantcomplaintsfromherfourdaughtersbeforesherealizedshehadaproblem.“Iwasstartingtofeellikemywholeworldwasfallingapartkindofslippingintoadepression,”saidCarla.“IknewthatifIdidntgetoffthedatingsites,Idjustkeepgoing,”detaching（使脱离）herselffurtherfromtheoutsideworld.Toebesconclusion:Shefeltlikeshewas“addicted”totheInternet.Shesnotalone.ConcernaboutexcessiveInternetuseisntnew.Asfarbackas1995,articlesinmedicaljournalsandtheestablishmentofaPennsylvaniatreatmentcenterforoverusersgeneratedinterestinthesubject.Theresstillnoconsensusonhowmuchtimeonlineconstitutestoomuchorwhetheraddictionispossible.ButasrelianceontheWebgrows,therearesignsthatthequestionisgettingmoreseriousattention:Lastmonth,astudypublishedinCNSSpectrumsclaimedtobethefirstlarge-scalelookatexcessiveInternetuse.TheAmericanPsychiatricAssociationmayconsiderlistingInternetaddictioninthenexteditionofitsdiagnosticmanual.AndscoresofonlinediscussionboardshavepoppeduponwhichpeoplediscussnegativeexperiencestiedtoomuchtimeontheWeb.“TheresnoquestionthatthererepeoplewhoreseriouslyintroublebecausetheyreoverdoingtheirInternetinvolvement,”saidpsychiatrist（精神科医生）IvanGoldberg.Goldbergcallstheproblemadisorderratherthanatrueaddiction.JonathanBishop,aresearcherinWalesspecializinginonlinecommunities,ismoreskeptical.“TheInternetisanenvironment,”hesaid.“Youcantbeaddictedtotheenvironment.”Bishopdescribestheproblemassimplyamatterofpriorities,whichcanbesolvedbyencouragingpeopletoprioritizeotherlifegoalsandplansinplaceoftimespentonline.ThenewCNSSpectrumsstudywasbasedonresultsofanationwidetelephonesurveyofmorethan2500adults.Likethe2005survey,thisonewasconductedbyStanfordUniversityresearchers.About6%ofrespondentsreportedthat“theirrelationshipssufferedbecauseofexcessiveInternetuse.”About9%attemptedtoconceal“nonessentialInternetuse”,andnearly4%reportedfeeling“preoccupiedbytheInternetwhenoffline”.About8%saidtheyusedtheInternetasawaytoescapeproblems,andalmost14%reportedthey“foundithardtostayawayfromtheInternetforseveraldaysatatime”.“TheInternetproblemisstillinitsinfancy,”saidEliasAboujaoude,aStanfordprofessor.Nosingleonlineactivityistoblameforexcessiveuse,hesaid.“Theyreonlineinchatrooms,checkingemail,orwritingblogs.Theproblemisnotlimitedtoporn(色情)orgambling”websites.ExcessiveInternetuseshouldbedefinednotbythenumberofhoursspentonlinebut“intermsoflosses,”saidMaressaOrzack,aHarvardUniversityprofessor.“Ifitsalosswhereyourenotgettingtowork,andfamilyrelationshipsarebreakingdownasaresult,thenitstoomuch.”Sincetheearly1990s,severalclinicshavebeenestablishedintheUStotreatheavyInternetusers.TheyincludetheCenterforInternetAddictionRecoveryandtheCenterforInternetBehavior.ThewebsiteforOrzackscenterliststhefollowingamongthepsychologicalsymptomsofcomputeraddiction:·Havingasenseofwell-being(幸福)orexcitementwhileatthecomputer.·Longingformoreandmoretimeatthecomputer.·Neglectoffamilyandfriends.·Feelingempty,depressedorirritablewhennotatthecomputer.·Lyingtoemployersandfamilyaboutactivities.·Inabilitytostoptheactivity.·Problemswithschoolorjob.Physicalsymptomslistedincludedryeyes,backaches,skippingmeals,poorpersonalhygiene(卫生)andsleepdisturbances.PeoplewhostrugglewithexcessiveInternetusemaybedepressedorhaveothermooddisorders,Orzacksaid.WhenshediscussesInternethabitswithherpatients,theyoftenreportthatbeingonlineoffersa“senseofbelonging,anescape,excitementandfun”,shesaid.“Somepeoplesayrelief.becausetheyfindthemselvessorelaxed.”SomepartsoftheInternetseemtodrawpeopleinmorethanothers.Internetgamersspendcountlesshourscompetingingamesagainstpeoplefromallovertheworld.Onesuchgame,calledWorldofWarcraft,iscitedonmanysitesbyposterscomplainingofa“gamingaddiction”.AndrewHeidrich,aneducationnetworkadministratorfromSacramento,playsWorldofWarcraftforabouttwotofourhourseveryothernight,butthatsnothingcomparedwiththe40to60hoursaweekhespentplayingonlinegameswhenhewasincollege.Hecutbackonlyafterafull-scalefamilyintervention(干预),inwhichrelativestoldhimhedgainedweight.“Theresthiswholecultureofcompetitionthatsuckspeoplein”withonlinegaming,saidHeidrich,nowa